雅思a类阅读资料及用法的讲解
雅思a类阅读资料及用法的讲解一文分为2部分，第一部分是2篇雅思a类阅读可以用的阅读材料，第二部分是怎样选取和收集雅思阅读资料以及运用它们的方法。下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思a类阅读资料及用法的讲解
雅思a类阅读资料及用法的讲解为你带来2篇雅思a类也就是学术类阅读的阅读资料和怎样寻找和运用雅思阅读资料的方法总结。雅思阅读当中既有关于生活方面的文章，又有关于学术方面的文章，话题涉及从自然科学到人文社会科学。我们该怎样收集雅思阅读的材料，又应该怎么用。本文为你讲解。
雅思a类阅读资料——六个坏习惯将毁掉你的睡眠
If you equate getting older with needing—or getting—less sleep, here’s a wake-up call: It's not true! “The majority of us require between seven and nine hours of shut-eye a night," says Robert Oexman, D.C., director of the Sleep to Live Institute. “And there’s little reason—whether you’re 55 or 80—not to get it.” Barring disease, medication and pain (all legitimate sleep interrupters), if patients complain of bad sleep, Dr. Oexman looks at their nighttime habits, where the problem almost always resides.
如果你认为人慢慢长大变老，需要或得到的睡眠更少，那我来提醒你吧，不是这样的!睡眠与生命研究所所长，脊骨神经科医师罗伯特·欧克斯曼说道：“大多数人每晚需要7-9小时的睡眠时间。无论你是55还是80岁，都应该做到这一点。”疾病、药物和疼痛除外(这些都可能会干扰睡眠)，如果病人抱怨睡不好觉，欧克斯曼医师会查看其晚间生活习惯来发现问题所在。
So, how are you sabotaging your z-z-z-z-z’s?
所以，你是怎样破坏自己的睡眠的呢?
Bad Habit #1: Watching TV until you fall asleep?
坏习惯一：看电视看到睡着
Why It Disrupts Sleep: It has nothing to do with what you watch—Downton Abbey isn’t a better pre-sleep choice than Dog the Bounty Hunter. Rather it’s the exposure to TV’s bright light that’s the culprit. Artificial bright light after dusk not only enhances alertness, but also delays the production of melatonin, a sleep-inducing hormone. So even if you nod off (in front of the TV, for example), you probably won’t stay asleep for long.
为什么会影响睡眠：这和你看什么节目没有任何关系，因为《唐顿庄园》并不是比《赏金猎人》更好的睡前节目。反而是暴露在电视强光下才是影响你睡眠的罪魁祸首。天黑后的人造强光不仅让人增加警惕性，而且会延迟体内睡眠荷尔蒙——褪黑素的生成。所以即使你打盹了(比如在电视机前)，你很可能也睡不了多久。
EZZZ Fix: An hour before bedtime, treat yourself like a baby: a warm bath, followed by a quiet activity in dim light—meditation, journal writing, reading. But no reading or writing on your computer before bed or in the middle of the night. (Almost half of the respondents in the AOL Email Addiction survey admitted to checking email during the night. If that’s you, keep technology out of the bedroom.)
解决方法：睡前一小时，让自己像婴儿一样：洗个热水澡，在暗淡的灯光下做些安静的事情-冥想，写日记，阅读。但是睡前或者半夜绝对不能在电脑上阅读或者写东西。(几乎一半参与美国在线电子邮件上瘾调查的人们承认晚间会查看电子邮件。如果你也是这样，那么记得把高科技关在卧室外面吧。)
Bad Habit #2: Sleeping with Fido
坏习惯二：抱狗狗睡觉
Why It Disrupts Sleep: While animal-lovers argue the emotional benefits of sharing a pillow with their pets, research shows that pets can contribute to less than sound sleep. How? “Pets have different circadian rhythms than humans," says Oexman. “They sleep most of the day, and they shift a lot when sleeping—they get comfortable, then they move. This goes on all night, and whether you admit it or not, it interrupts your ability to get the level of sleep needed to feel rested." (As for pet dander and allergies—sneezing and wheezing are not great sleep enhancers.)
为什么会影响睡眠：动物爱好者认为和宠物一起睡觉有情感上的益处，然而研究表明宠物实际上会影响睡眠。这是怎么回事呢?“宠物和人有着不同的生理节律，”欧克斯曼说，“他们每天大多数时候都会睡，睡觉的时候经常动-他们觉得舒服，然后就会动。整晚都会这样，而且无论你承认与否，你都会不知不觉被影响而达不到自己需要的睡眠程度。(至于宠物皮屑和各种过敏导致的打喷嚏和喘息都是会影响睡眠的因素。)
EZZZ Fix: For two weeks, put your pooch or cat in a crate outside your closed bedroom door. When your pet can sleep quietly in the crate, move the crate inside your room for another two weeks. When the crate training is complete, try letting the dog or cat sleep in his own bed near your bed. Discourage all attempts to jump on your bed and reward all successes for staying in his own bed. (Caveat: Plan on interrupted sleep for a few weeks.)
雅思a类阅读资料——最适合春天吃的美食
New research suggests some foods have the power to guard skin from the damage caused by the sun's UV radiation. While a salad is no substitute for sunblock, these healthy foods could add inner protection against sunburn and wrinkles at the cellular level.
新的研究发现表明某些食物可以帮助肌肤免受阳光紫外线的侵害。但是，一盘沙拉并不能代替防晒霜，这些健康食物可以加强身体内在机能，保护皮肤不受侵害并延缓细胞衰老。
Citrus Fruits 柑橘类水果
Citrus fruits have the potent ingredient limonene, associated with a whopping 34 percent lower risk of skin cancer in one University of Arizona study of 470 women and men.
柑橘类水果含有丰富的柠檬烯。亚利桑那大学对470位女性和男性进行的研究表明，柠檬烯可以将患皮肤癌的风险降低34%
Green tea 绿茶
This delicately flavored tea is full of antioxidants called EGCGs. Among their health-promoting capabilities: EGCGs stopped genetic damage in human skin cells exposed to UV light in one University of Wisconsin study.
绿茶所含有的抗氧化剂叫做茶多酚。威斯康星大学的研究表明茶多酚可以使暴露在紫外线下的肌肤免受基因损害。
Carrots 胡萝卜
Carrots—or any other red, yellow, and orange fruits and vegetables—are packed with carotenoids, and studies show they reduce sunburn intensity.
胡萝卜或者任何红色，黄色及橙色水果和蔬菜都富含类胡萝卜素，研究表明这些果蔬可以降低日晒强度。
Red Peppers 红椒
Like carrots, red peppers are also especially helpful in reducing sunburn intensity.
和红萝卜一样，红椒在降低日晒强度方面有显著效果。
Spinach 菠菜
Leafy greens, like dark green lettuce, spinach, kale, and Swiss chard, are top sources of the antioxidants lutein and zeaxanthin, which halted cell growth prompted by UV light in animal studies.绿叶蔬菜，如绿色莴苣，菠菜，甘蓝菜和唐莴苣均含有非常丰富的抗氧化剂叶黄素和玉米黄素，这些抗氧化剂可以阻止紫外线引起的细胞生长。
Salmon 三文鱼
This fish is a great source of oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids. In a small British study, fish oils guarded against sunburn and DNA changes that can lead to cancer.
三文鱼的鱼油富含丰富的脂肪酸。研究表明鱼油可以预防易引发癌症的晒黑晒伤和DNA改变。
Walnuts 核桃
Like salmon, walnuts are high in essential fatty acids that could guard against sunburn.
和三文鱼一样，核桃也富含有丰富的人体必需脂肪酸，而这类脂肪酸可以抵御晒伤晒黑。
利用雅思阅读材料的3大技巧
一、真题为主，其他材料为辅
很多考生，尤其是刚接触雅思的考生，还没开始备考，先囫囵吞枣买了各种各样的书，其实后期也未必真用得上。所以如果是以备考为目的话，最好的方式还是从最直接的考试材料入手最为妥当。市面上的出的辅导类用书很多，但最贴近考试的还是剑桥雅思真题。剑桥雅思真题系列，是剑桥大学考试委员会出版的，这可是考试出题方，实打实的真题。通过做真题，可以了解出题方式、考试题型等等内容，对备考非常有帮助。同时真题不光可以用来自测，还是用来精读的材料。可以说，真题是必备备考资料。
说到其他辅导材料(这里不包含备考雅思考试的技巧类用书)，平常时候该读什么保持阅读量，这也让很多考生挠头。雅思阅读考试的文章以大众题材为主，涉及到教育、经济、科技、生物、医学、环境、地质、能源等各方面问题，但不涉及专业性过强的文章，以免造成不同学生知识储备不同所产生的优劣势。甚至有些内容来自于日常生活，所以考生不必刻意记住很多艰深的生僻专业术语。因此就材料选择来说，国际上比较知名的杂志都是可以利用的阅读材料。
提示：阅读练习中也尽量有时间观念，保持适度紧张感，养成良好的习惯。同时，不要刻意追求读的“多”，总结自己阅读中的问题才更有用。
二、词汇的累积
看了第一部分，有的人会说，我才高中，很多雅思词汇都比较难，做真题都看不懂。是的，这第二点就要说这个问题了。词句篇，词汇是基础，同雅思写作一样，阅读也同理。没有一定的词汇量对于阅读来说比较困难，所以扎扎实实累积词汇、背单词，这还是很重要的。
三、把握出题者意图
这一点是个说难不难说易不易的方法，需要多做几篇来找找感觉。但如果能对上下文之间的关联有很好的理解，又能把握文章的大体脉络，无疑对解题有莫大帮助。
以上就是雅思a类阅读资料及用法的讲解的全部内容，雅思阅读材料的用处还是在于从长期来看，提高整体的英语阅读能力。如果考生的备考期较短，在相应的阅读材料的选取上，可以更偏向于应试找一些带题的阅读去做。
应对雅思考试阅读必须具备的技能分析
在雅思培训中，老师基本上讲的都是做题技巧，而阅读技能本身讲的很少。因为讲做题技巧最有针对性，学生来听课的主要目的也是希望知道怎么做题，讲阅读技能本身就是吃力不讨好的工作。因此大部分老师都在分析总结各种题型的解题特点，解题规律等。
但是，有些题目是不能纯粹靠做题技巧来解决的，必须结合一定的阅读技能才能顺利解出。否则，很多做题技巧就难免有牵强附会之嫌。而且，雅思阅读题型有10种之多，这么多纷繁复杂的题型似乎又各自有着自己的一些解题技巧和解题步骤，在考试时一篇文章后面往往会有几种题型，而考生需要记清不同的解题方法会显得力不从心，手忙脚乱。
而其实从雅思阅读的出题思路来看，不同的题型测试的技能确实有些不同，但很多时候是重叠的，过于强调题型本身的差异而忽略这些题型背后测试的阅读技能只会导致学生机械地使用一些解题步骤和所谓的技巧，而忽略在解题背后测试的阅读技能。
我们举几道例题来说明其实很多不同的题型背后测试的阅读技能其实是一样的。
剑三Test 3 Question 7-12
这道题是一道Matching题，要考生去Match each exhibit with the collection types。而题目要求里面告诉我们题干中的each exhibit是选项中的collection types的具体例子(examples)。扫描题干和选项之后应该知道定位词应该是题干，因为题干中含有一些大写的装有名词，例如：Bolivian， Indian， Arctic 等。带着这些词回去定位，可以迅速找到是在文章的第三段当中。这个时候我们需要清楚地知道我们找到的这些exhibit是具体的例子，需要找到的是这些exhibit属于哪些collection types。
也就是说这道题目是想测试我们通过例子找到其对应的主题。我们必须知道在雅思学术性阅读文章中，一般作者都会先说主题，再举具体的例子来支持这个主题，并往往会在主题和例子之间使用一些举例的连接词，例如for example， for instance， such as， like等等。了解这个阅读技能就能让我们在找到Bolivian textile这个例子的时候迅速往前扫读，关注一些举例连接词前面的某个词，往往主题也就是答案就在这个举例连接词的前面。
果然，我们很快就可以在Bolivian textile这个词前面找到一个for instance，而且for instance前面有个破折号，破折号一般是作者用来表示展开说明作用的，所以破折号前面的那个名词短语technical series应该就是我们要搜寻的答案，迅速的扫描选项中果然有这个短语，那么这道题的答案就是technical series的首字母缩写TS。其他的题以此类推。
再如剑五Test 1 Question 33
这是一道选择题，题干是 The writer quotes from the Worldwide Fund for Nature to illustrate how
A influential the mass media can be
B effective environmental groups can be
C the mass media can help groups raise funds
D environmental groups can exaggerate their claims
定位词肯定是大写的Worldwide Fund for Nature。根据这个定位词我们很快可以定位到是在文章的第五段当中的这句话：In 1997， for example， the Worldwide Fund for Nature issued a press release entitled： “Two thirds of the world’s forests lost forever.” The truth turns out to be nearer 20%。这道题是问作者引用了Worldwide Fund for Nature的话是为了illustrate(举例说明)什么。
也就是说出题人的考察目的是希望我们能在原文中读出作者使用这个quote是为了说明什么观点。我们定位到的这句话是这个quote本身，quote其实也就是例证，一样都是为了说明作者的某个观点。原文这句话中的for example这个举例连接词就清晰地告诉了我们这个例子是为了说明前面一个观点。所以原文中的for example 前面的句子应该就是这道题的答案，往前一扫发现这么一句话：Understandably， perhaps， they sometimes overstate their arguments。
再和选项匹配一下，我们就能发现这句话就是D选项的一个同义转述：they就是上文中提到的environmental groups，overstate就是题干中exaggerate的替换，而arguments就是题干中的claims。因此答案为D。
雅思考试阅读材料精选
经典长难句分析
1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.
4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
5.Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
6.Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site.
7.The Corporation will survive as a publicly funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of a nation wide debate in Britain.
8.After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia"s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.
9. Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft landing" of "a touch on the brakes" , makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth.
10. Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since, conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America"s, have little productive slack.
11. At the same time, the American Law Institute--a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight--issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones.
12. "The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column", "lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be..."
13. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
14. Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently access how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself.
15. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least a-mong them.
