雅思阅读冲高分窍门
雅思阅读冲高分 这些原则是窍门一文讲述了14个雅思阅读中的冲刺高分的原则和窍门。这些原则范围广泛，涉及到备考，做题技巧，雅思阅读熟悉程度等。
雅思阅读冲高分 这些原则是窍门
雅思阅读冲高分 这些原则是窍门为你带来14个雅思阅读冲击高分的原则和窍门。雅思阅读向来题量大，题型多，文章话题涉及范围广。我们在短短的考试时间内，要怎样才能做到分数上的提升?毫无疑问，其中一点是扎实的英语阅读理解能力。另外，对于应对考试的窍门和绝招，已经临场的做题策略，都是我们冲刺高分的保证。
不得不知的14条雅思阅读高分准则
雅思阅读高分准则：时间永远是您最大的敌人
在雅思阅读测试中，TIME对绝大部分学生，特别是英文阅读水平相对一般的学生来说，更尤为至关重要。即使是英语为母语的人(NATIVE-ENGLISH SPEAKER)也无法在雅思测试规定的时间内完全理解所有的词汇。因此，一定控制好TIME。
雅思阅读高分准则：所问所答
雅思测试的金玉良言就是："所问所答"。首先，要完全了解问题的类型，及根据所提供的信息，再去回答问题。有的学生在参加完雅思测试后总感觉所得分数与自己估算的分数相差甚远，原因无它，就在于对问题理解不够彻底，因此，也就无法对所提问题做到精确回答。
雅思阅读高分准则：系统地制定学习计划
大部分参加(GENERAL MODULE)普通类测试的考生都已离开学校多年，甚至很长时间没有继续英文方面的学习。因此，必须尽量每天安排一定的时间，比如说每天一小时，并根据自身英文情况制定一个学习计划，稳步、系统地学习。阅读训练：争取每天阅读一定量的原版英文报刊、书籍，并非要读懂每一个字，或完全理解，只要能理解其中大至含义既可。可采取3:1的比例进行泛读与精读。
雅思阅读高分准则：增加阅读速度
要增加英语阅读的速度，当然并非一朝一日即可达到。通常需要相当长一段时间的学习及训练。但无论怎样，应加强英文基础训练，掌握必要的测试技巧，从而在现有的英文基础之上取得最好的成绩。总之，付出越多，收获越大。
雅思阅读高分准则：控制答题时间
在雅思测试过程中，每组题都给有答题参考时间，当所给时间结束时，就一定要停下来，即使这组题没有做完也要开始回答下一组题，否则所能完成的题数就会减少，从而影响雅思的得分。
雅思阅读高分准则：答案一定填在"答案纸"上
在雅思测试时，所有答案务必要填在所给的“ANSWER SHEET”纸上。否则，即使您完成了全部问题，也是没有任何分数，这种现象曾有发生过。
雅思阅读高分准则：带着问题阅读所给文章
在开始阅读所给文章前，应首先弄清下列问题再带着这些问题有的放矢地去读那些与答题有关的部分，有些部分则完全不看，这样就可以节省出更多时间，达到事半功倍的效果。
雅思阅读高分准则：查看试题布局
1。阅读试题三部分的每一部分的开头与结尾;
2。每部分有多少道题;
3。每部分(或每组题)的答题时间;
4。先回答那些问题。
雅思阅读高分准则：扫描式阅读文章
扫描式阅读的目的就是：
1. 找出文章的大意;
2. 查找某一具体内容。
3. 比对关键词语，确定答案。
具体方法：在一篇文章中从左至右或逐行快速移动，同时眼睛要紧随其移动，查看所要寻找的内容。这种方法对阅读考试帮助极大，平时可多加练习。
雅思阅读高分准则：确定答案在文章中的位置
在雅思阅读测试中，可采用下述两种方法快速确定答案在文章中的位置。
1。通过了解每一段的主题思想，找出答案的位置。(这种方法比较适合英文阅读水平较高的考生)
2。利用问句中的1-3个关键词，在文章中查找相同或者相近及相关词语，来确定答案的位置。(这种方法比较适合阅读能力差一些的考生)
雅思阅读高分准则：查找同义词、近义词、相关词
在雅思阅读考试中，能否准确找出正确答案很大程度上取决于能否辨认出同义词、近义词、相关词及不同形式的短语。
1。词形完全相同
2。词义相同，即同义词
3。词义相近，但并非同义
4。词义相关
上述四种词汇/短语表达方式中，第一种当然容易辨认，第二种同义词也相对不难，但第三种与第四种形式则不易辨认，所以要在阅读过程中多加比较练习。如能攻破这一关，则一定能够取得好的考试成绩。
雅思阅读高分准则：猜读词义
雅思测试时不许用词典，而且也没有必要去读懂每一个词。如所遇到的词对理解全文及答题不构成任何困难，则不必理会它的词义，但所碰到的词使你在理解全文，甚至回答问题时出现困难，则要设法去猜测其词义。
猜测词义要从两方面着手：
1。根据其所在句子的上下文，及前后的词语，探其究竟。
2。如果根据上下文及前后词语还是无法确切了解其真正含义，你可以再看一下这个词对整个句子所构成的影响是肯定的(POSITIVE)，还是否定的 (NEGATIVE)，实际上这对你理解作者的意图已足够了。
雅思阅读高分准则：优先查看数字
在文章中，数字是极容易找到的，如果在问句中出现数字时，可优先将数字作为标示牌在文章中找出答案的位置。需注意有时问句中的数字在文章中可能会用文字形式表达
雅思阅读高分准则：长句短读
长句短读：即指将一个长句子(有时不止一个句子，还包括从句)读成一个相对短的句子，以对长句子内容作一总结式归纳，找出其所陈述的要点。这种能力的培养对雅思阅读测试帮助极大，考生应在平时勤加练习。
以上就是14条雅思阅读高分准则，要想拿到雅思阅读高分，除了基本功外，一些阅读技巧也是无可或缺的，最后祝大家都能考出好成绩。
以上就是雅思阅读冲高分 这些原则是窍门的全部内容，他们既包括了对于雅思阅读出题思路的理解，也包括了备考方法的叙述，更包括了实战做题时的策略和方法。在我们平时提高阅读理解能力的同时，如果能注意到这些方法窍门，将是锦上添花的一件事。
雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案
Don't wash those fossils!
Standard museum practice can wash away DNA.
1.Washing，brushing and varnishing fossils — all standard conservation treatments used by many fossil hunters and museum curators alike — vastly reduces the chances of recovering ancient DNA.
2.Instead，excavators should be handling at least some of their bounty with gloves，and freezing samples as they are found，dirt and all，concludes a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences today.
3.Although many palaeontologists know anecdotally that this is the best way to up the odds of extracting good DNA，Eva-Maria Geigl of the Jacques Monod Institute in Paris，France，and her colleagues have now shown just how important conservation practices can be. This information，they say，needs to be hammered home among the people who are actually out in the field digging up bones.
4.Geigl and her colleagues looked at 3,200-year-old fossil bones belonging to a single individual of an extinct cattle species，called an aurochs. The fossils were dug up at a site in France at two different times — either in 1947，and stored in a museum collection，or in 2004，and conserved in sterile conditions at -20 ºC.
5.The team's attempts to extract DNA from the 1947 bones all failed. The newly excavated fossils，however，all yielded DNA.
6.Because the bones had been buried for the same amount of time，and in the same conditions，the conservation method had to be to blame says Geigl. "As much DNA was degraded in these 57 years as in the 3,200 years before," she says.www.Examw.com
Wash in，wash out
7.Because many palaeontologists base their work on the shape of fossils alone，their methods of conservation are not designed to preserve DNA，Geigl explains.
8.The biggest problem is how they are cleaned. Fossils are often washed together on-site in a large bath，which can allow water — and contaminants in the form of contemporary DNA — to permeate into the porous bones. "Not only is the authentic DNA getting washed out，but contamination is getting washed in," says Geigl.
9.Most ancient DNA specialists know this already，says Hendrik Poinar，an evolutionary geneticist at McMaster University in Ontario，Canada. But that doesn't mean that best practice has become widespread among those who actually find the fossils.
10.Getting hold of fossils that have been preserved with their DNA in mind relies on close relationships between lab-based geneticists and the excavators，says palaeogeneticist Svante Pääbo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig，Germany. And that only occurs in exceptional cases，he says.
11.Pääbo's team，which has been sequencing Neanderthal DNA，continually faces these problems. "When you want to study ancient human and Neanderthal remains，there's a big issue of contamination with contemporary human DNA," he says.
12.This doesn't mean that all museum specimens are fatally flawed，notes Pääbo. The Neanderthal fossils that were recently sequenced in his own lab，for example，had been part of a museum collection treated in the traditional way. But Pääbo is keen to see samples of fossils from every major find preserved in line with Geigl's recommendations — just in case.
Warm and wet
13.Geigl herself believes that，with cooperation between bench and field researchers，preserving fossils properly could open up avenues of discovery that have long been assumed closed.
14.Much human cultural development took place in temperate regions. DNA does not survive well in warm environments in the first place，and can vanish when fossils are washed and treated. For this reason，Geigl says，most ancient DNA studies have been done on permafrost samples，such as the woolly mammoth，or on remains sheltered from the elements in cold caves — including cave bear and Neanderthal fossils.
15.Better conservation methods，and a focus on fresh fossils，could boost DNA extraction from more delicate specimens，says Geigl. And that could shed more light on the story of human evolution.
Glossary
Palaeontologists 古生物学家
Aurochs 欧洲野牛
Neanderthal (人类学)尼安德特人，旧石器时代的古人类。
Permafrost (地理)永冻层
Questions 1-6
Answer the following questions by using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
1.How did people traditionally treat fossils?
2.What suggestions do Geigl and her colleagues give on what should be done when fossils are found?
3.What problems may be posed if fossil bones are washed on-site? Name ONE.
4.What characteristic do fossil bones have to make them susceptible to be contaminated with contemporary DNA when they are washed?
5.What could be better understood when conservation treatments are improved?
6.The passage mentioned several animal species studied by researchers. How many of them are mentioned?
Questions 7-11
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer
FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer
NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage
7.In their paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ，Geigl and her colleagues have shown what conservation practices should be followed to preserve ancient DNA.
8.The fossil bones that Geigl and her colleagues studied are all from the same aurochs.
9.Geneticists don’t have to work on site.
10.Only newly excavated fossil bones using new conservation methods suggested by Geigl and her colleagues contain ancient DNA.
11.Paabo is still worried about the potential problems caused by treatments of fossils in traditional way.
Questions 12-13
Complete the following the statements by choosing letter A-D for each answer.
12.“This information” in paragraph 3 indicates:
[A] It is critical to follow proper practices in preserving ancient DNA.
[B] The best way of getting good DNA is to handle fossils with gloves.
[C] Fossil hunters should wear home-made hammers while digging up bones.
[D] Many palaeontologists know how one should do in treating fossils.
13.The study conducted by Geigl and her colleagues suggests:
[A] the fact that ancient DNA can not be recovered from fossil
Suggested answers and explanations
1.washing，brushing，varnishing 见第一段。
2.handling with gloves / freezing samples ( any one of the two ) 见第二段。
3.losing authentic DNA / being contaminated / contamination ( any one of the three) 见第八段“Not only is the authentic DNA getting washed out，but contamination is getting washed in”(答being contaminated或 contamination比较保险)
4.they are porous porous 的意思是多孔的。见第八段“... which can allow water — and contaminants in the form of contemporary DNA — to permeate into the porous bones.”
5.human evolution 见第十五段。其中“shed light on sth”的意思是使某事显得非常清楚，使人了解某事。
6.4 分别为第四段的“an extinct cattle species，called an aurochs”，即欧洲野牛，已经绝迹;第十一段“Neanderthal”， 是人类学用语，尼安德特人，旧石器时代的古人类;第十四段“woolly mammoth”和“cave bear”，其中mammoth是猛犸，一种古哺乳动物。
7.T 见第二段。
8.T 见第四段“Geigl and her colleagues looked at 3,200-year-old fossil bones belonging to a single individual of an extinct cattle species，called an aurochs.”即他们研究的骨化石是一头欧洲野牛身上的。
9.NG
10.F 见第十二段第一、二句话。
11.T 见第十二段末句“But Pääbo is keen to see samples of fossils from every major find preserved in line with Geigl's recommendations — just in case.”意即为保险起见，Paabo还是非常希望见到用Geigl建议的方法保存的化石样本。“just in case” 的意思是以防万一，就是Paabo对用传统保存处理的化石不放心的意思。
12.A 见第三段。This information就是前一句中“... just how important conservation practices can be”(to preserve good DNA)。“be hammered”之中hammer一词的意思是不断重复强调。
13.D 面信息。需要理解文章各处关于Geigl和她的同事所作的研究。
ones excavated in the past.
[B] the correlation between the amount of burying time and that of the recovered DNA.
[C] the pace at which DNA degrades.
[D] the correlation between conservation practices and degradation of DNA.
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