托福独立写作主旨句怎么写
托福独立写作主旨句在写作中起着非常重要的作用，所以大家在练习托福独立写作的时候一定要了解如何才能写出好的主旨句。下面小编就和大家分享托福独立写作主旨句怎么写，来欣赏一下吧。
托福独立写作主旨句怎么写?
一.独立写作主旨句写作时有什么要求?
1.主旨句要写的简短，不写长句。
这是因为主旨句是对整段大意的概括，言简意赅，要求达到的目的是，当考官读完你的主旨句他就会了解你这段要写什么。所以说在这个领域，短句要比长句效果更好，最多出现一个从句，尽量不要出现复杂句。
2.体现题目中的关键词。
主旨句是概括本段的大意，那我们在写的时候尽量把主旨句和整篇文章的题目做一下关联，而最好的关联方式呢，就是你重复一下题目当中所出现的关键词，告诉考官“我没有跑题，我就是按照题目的要求写的。”。
3.主旨句需要表达一个基本逻辑。
这个说法有点空洞不好解释，我来给大家举个例子。
假使你的题目是“同不同意老师每天布置作业”，假设我要同意老师每天都布置作业，我是不是要找到每天布置作业的好处啊?
主旨句的基本逻辑就是这样的，每天布置作业对学生来讲有好处一，每天来讲布置作业对学生有好处二。所以说，这就构成了一个基本的逻辑。我要写清楚，为什么对学生有好处一，好处一是什么。
为什么对老师有好处二，好处二是什么，这就是一个基本的逻辑。让考官能非常清楚的(明白)你这一段要展开的基本思路。
二.主旨句写法实例讲解
为大家准备了充满节日气氛的礼物：
南瓜灯、万圣节面具、糖果、水彩笔、卡夹等
接下来我们用两类题目来给大家讲一讲，主旨句写作的时候有没有什么固定的句型可以使用。
从大的方面来讲呢，托福独立写作分为两大类话题，一类叫利弊类，一类叫原因类。
利弊类主旨句写法
什么是利弊类呢，就是通过找好处坏处能回答这个问题。比如说这个题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Students doing reading by their own personality is as important as, or more important than reading assigned by teachers.
学生按照自己的个性去选择阅读材料比老师布置阅读材料更重要。假设我选择不同意，我的观点是，老师布置的阅读更好，那是不是我要找到老师布置阅读的基本好处啊?所以说，这就叫做利弊类的话题。
回忆一下我们刚才说的，题目当中，主旨句要简短，要体现关键词，也要体现基本逻辑。刚才我们把基本逻辑梳理了，那我们要找一找题目当中的关键词了，比如说题目里边的reading、assigned by teachers、personality像这些就属于key words，要尽量在你的topic sentence里出现。比如说我的主旨句可以写成
第一个好处：
Reading assigned by teachers can help students to enlarge their range of knowledge.
老师布置作业可以帮助学生扩展他们的知识面。
第二个好处：
Reading arranged by teachers could be beneficial for teachers to supervise the reading task.
老师安排阅读对老师来讲可以更好地去监督阅读任务的完成。
大家注意一下啊，这个里边我用了两个词，一个是help，一个是be beneficial for，这两个词呢都可以表示“好处”，所以说呢这类词在写利弊话题类的时候比较常用。
如果大家觉得这个句子是不是有点太简单，我想写成一个复合句，当然可以。大家注意看下边这部分啊，这部分在讲的就是用一个从句方式来表达这个观点。既然是利弊类，我又说的是好处，那很自然而然的我们就得出一个句型
The first advantage of reading assigned by teachers is that students would have a wider range of knowledge.
这个地方利用了The first advantage of sth is that...这个句式来非常清晰地告诉考官，老师布置作业的第一个好处是扩大知识面。同理，那第二个topic sentence就可以利用同样的句式来写了。前边是“The first advantage”，那第二个怎么写呢，很容易，可以写
Another advantage of reading assigned by teachers is that teachers could have better supervision on the reading tasks of students.
所以说这两个句式也可以比较固定化的表达，而这种表达也不会让人认为是模板。因为我就是想写好处，那自然而然的逻辑就是第一个好处是什么，第二个好处是什么。所以说这样一写利弊类的话题(主旨句的)句型，就基本上清晰了。
三.表达好处和坏处的主旨句句型
总结一下表达好处的基本句型：
你可以利用我们刚才第一组的topic sentence是用单句来说的，你可以把题目当中的话题变成一个doing的短语，再加上could be helpful、could be useful、could be beneficial for后边加上好处的对象，再加上一个to do，加上一个具体的好处是什么，这就构成了一个主旨句的基本句型。
如果你想用动词，我不想用helpful、useful这些形容词，你可以使用contribute to或者使用我们刚才说的那个help，都可以起到同样表达“好处”的效果。
表达坏处的句型：
那表达“坏处”有什么句型呢，同理，把上边那个句子稍微改一下就行了， 还需要把题目中的话题变成一个doing的短语，再加上could be harmful for、could be detrimental for、could be undesirable for加上坏处的对象，再加上to do，加上具体的坏处是什么就可以了。
如果你想使用动词的话，可以使用lead to或者使用cause，这两个都可以表示产生不良的后果。如果你想用复合句型来表达好处坏处的话，上边那个句型就可以用了。
The first advantage/disadvantage of后边加上话题，加上is that...的从句，接上好处坏处是什么，就可以了。第二个topic sentence呢，Another advantage/disadvantage of加上话题，再加上is that...，再加上具体的好处或者坏处，这种复合型的主旨句也能写出来了。
表达好处的基本句型有：
1、题目当中的话题(doing)+could be helpful/useful/beneficial for +对象+to do具体的好处 …
2、contribute to
表达坏处的基本句型有：
1、题目当中的话题(doing)+could be harmful/detrimental/undesirable for +对象+to do具体的坏处 …
2、lead to/cause
表达好处/坏处的复合句型有：
The first advantage/disadvantage of话题is that具体的好处/坏处
Another advantage/disadvantage of话题is that具体的好处/坏处
托福写作模板：学校如何改善学生宿舍
题目
The university will spend money on the dormitory to improve the life quality of students. Which of the following do you think is the best way?
1) Providing a room for quiet study
2) Building an exercise room
3) Providing entertainment place (watch film)
范文1：For Choice 2
If a university wants to improve the quality of life for the students, it should install an exercise room in each dormitory. Exercise balances out a quiet lifestyle based on studying(运动万能句). An exercise room could contain equipment that is impossible to keep in a dorm room, give students as safe place to work out, and provide an opportunity to meet people with the same interests.
分论点1：运动对学生很重要Exercise is essential for students, but often they neglect working out and focus only on studies. An exercise room in the dormitory would be easily accessible, so would encourage students to take a short break to keep their bodies fit. An exercise room could contain equipment such as weight benches and stationary bicycles(器械名称积累) that are too big to keep in the individual dorm room or too expensive to buy or transport from home. An exercise room, therefore, would be a great investment for the university because it would provide the students with training facilities that they would not otherwise have access to without leaving the campus.
分论点2：保障学生安全A dormitory exercise room is also a wise idea because students would have a safe place to work out. The university could ensure that the equipment is clean and operating properly. On top of that, students would not have to leave the building to work out. Staying inside benefits the students in two ways. 原因1：避免路途中发生危险First, they do not have to worry about walking alone, possibly late at night when classes are over. That way they do not have to risk trouble with strangers or people following them. 原因2：避免温度变化引起生病Second, they are not exposed to a severe change in temperature. For example, working out in a warm place and stepping outside in the winter, a person can become sick. Such problems are prevented by staying in the same building.
分论点3：有助于社交Another reason to have an exercise room is to encourage students tointeract with each other(社交万能句). Students may find it fun to exercise together, urging each other on. Students who enjoy exercising can meet each other and become friends. If the students only exercise on their own, they may not realize that someone else has the same interests. Even if they live in the same dorm, they might not have the same classes, and therefore, not have any reason to speak to each other. A common bond of working out together could be formed if the university installed exercise rooms.
An exercise room allows students to work out on equipment they can’t bring from home in asafe environment with other students who enjoy the same activities. Therefore, adding an exercise room is a great investment for a university.
balance out
平衡,抵消
work out
锻炼
on top of that
除此以外
to risk trouble with X.X.X
冒着与 X.X.X 产生麻烦的风险
a severe change in temperature
天气的剧烈变化
urge each other on
相互督促
范文2：For Choice 3
To improve the quality of life of its students, our university should create an entertainment room in each dormitory building. An entertainment room would give students a chance to watch movies or attend activities that they otherwise could not, would allow students to make friends with the same interests, and would ensure a safe environment to relax.
分论点1：帮助学生省钱The stereotype of the “starving college student” may seem trite, but many students are on a tight budget and do not have excess cash for fun, extravagant activities(省钱万能句). Such students would greatly benefit from an entertainment room because they could, for example, watch movies without paying premium prices to go to a theater. They could enjoy a game of Ping-Pong without needing a car to drive to a community center with a Ping-Pong table. In other words, if each dormitory had its own activity room, students could enjoy a wide range of activities that they otherwise could not afford to do.
分论点2：有助于社交Furthermore, an entertainment room would encourage students to leave their dorm rooms and interact with a larger range of students. Instead of closeting themselves in a single room with an internet connection to the outside world, they can laugh and talk with others about the activities(社交万能句). Students with different majors or from different grade levels may not have classes in common, but in the activity room, they can find others with the same interests and eventually become friends(社交万能句). Therefore, an entertainment room would provide opportunities to increase social networks(社交万能句).
分论点3：保障学生安全Finally, college students often try risky or outright dangerous stuntsbecause they are living away from home for the first time. For example, they may drink a lot of alcohol and drive a car. In contrast, a dormitory entertainment room could provide safe activities. The room can be monitored so that there are no abuses of drugs or inappropriate behavior, allowing students to relax and enjoy themselves. In addition, if students get together regularly, they can easily observe negative changes in behavior such as a decline into depression(社交的好处、保护学生安全的万能句). Therefore, an entertainment room would give the students a chance to avoid dangerous activities and notice problems before they become serious.
In conclusion, our university should consider adding entertainment rooms in each dormitory. Such rooms can allow students to participate in fun activities and meet others in a safe and supportive environment.
the stereotype of X.X.X
X.X.X 的刻板印象
a tight budget
预算紧张
have excess cash for fun, extravagant activities有多余的钱用于有趣的、奢侈的活动
closet themselves in a single room把他们自己关在房间里
outright dangerous stunts完全危险的特技
a decline into depression衰退为抑郁症
in a safe and supportive environment在一个安全的、支持性的环境中
托福写作模板：培养成年人最新技术
题目
A government plans to spend money for all adults over 25-year-old to take a training course about the most up-to-date skills for the workplace. Do you think it is an effective plan? Why or why not?
参考范文
I think that it would be an effective use of money if the government paid for all adults over 25 years old to take training courses to update their work skills. Although such a program would involve certain expenses, the benefits for individuals and society would outweigh any negatives associated with a well-run continuing education program.
First, I want to qualify that such a program would be optional rather than mandatory. People who do not want to take classes would likely not pay attention or would avoid attending, wasting money that could be better spent elsewhere. Therefore, the program should be optional for anyone who is truly interested in improving skills. It is good for the government to offer such a program for all adults rather than to ones in certain fields or holding certain ranks. That way, the government ensures that everyone has a fair chance to develop without prejudice. For example, if only managers could participate, it might limit the average worker’s ability to advance to higher levels.
It is also important that the skills offered in the program are relevant to the individual’s career path and interests. Given such a program, adults could perform their duties better. They would be more efficient and productive. Companies would have a larger pool of trained workers to draw upon for all departments. Especially in this world of rapidly-changing technology and innovative new equipment and materials, it is important that workers learn the newest methods rather than stagnate. Workers with the latest knowledge in the field would be positioned to further development and increase production.
If production increases, the economy will prosper. Businesses can thrive as people make goods and services and earn salaries that allow them to buy those products, creating an upward spiral.
If all adults improve work skills, not only the marketing sector but also such areas as the arts and health-care sectors will improve. Lives will be enriched on all levels by better entertainment and better standards of living. The government benefits from increased income from taxes. At the same time, it has decreased expenses related to caring for the unemployed or sick.
By paying for adults to take training courses relevant to their jobs, the government creates a win-win situation in which the workers are able to find jobs and perform them efficiently. Productive companies lead to a strong economy that is able to support its own government. Therefore, governments should consider financing training courses for all adults.
词句积累
well-run 运行良好的
be optional for 可选择的
draw upon 利用
rapidly-changing 急剧变化的
upward spiral 螺旋式上升
benefits from X 从X受益
relevant to 相关的
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