如何短期攻克雅思阅读
雅思阅读一直是同学们认为在雅思中比较好提分的一项，但是这真的非常容易吗?那么怎么才能在短期内提升雅思阅读呢?下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
想短期突击雅思阅读?看这篇就够了
我们的阅读量大致在3500-4000词左右，这对考生从知识储备、时间和耐心上都是不小的考验。在本文中，将会给大家分析阅读短期突击的方法!融会贯通以下几点你的雅思阅读可能会有较大的提升哦。
解题顺序和时间分配
在雅思阅读中，解题顺序是很关键的一步，很多考生及其容易忽略这一点，导致很多考生在考场上时间分配不合理，耽误了整个阅读考试的进程，不少考生在考场上的第三篇文章基本都是连蒙带猜做出来的，正确率非常之惨淡。所以，拿到一篇雅思阅读文章后：
第一步：看文章标题
很多文章我们在看完文章标题以后就能够结合常识对文章的内容进行合理预测。比如：let’s go bats 这篇文章，我们就能确定首先文章是在讲蝙蝠这种动物。而关于蝙蝠大家都知道的特点就是在夜晚活动和狩猎，喜欢生活在阴暗潮湿环境，知识储备好一点的学生可能还会联想到声波。所以，文章里自然讲的东西也不会偏离太远。其次，在文章里遇到的不认识的单词，可以往这个话题上靠拢，比如：sonar ，radar(声纳和雷达)，就是跟蝙蝠的声波有关的概念。
第二步：看文章引言
雅思阅读有一些文章是有引言的，引言一般和标题正文的字体都不一样。基本有以下3个作用：a 文章内容简介 7-P89 b 文章背景介绍 8-P26 c 答案来源 8-P50
看引言能够帮考生在最短时间内了解文章的大概内容，减少阅读过程中的障碍
第三步：看题目
很多考生在拿到阅读文章后会习惯性地先粗略地看一遍文章或者文章段落的首末句，而这个时候一般收效甚微，因为会遇到单词困境，所以，比较推荐是先去看题目，搞清楚题目里要考的内容，在阅读过程中有意识地去寻找对应的答案，效率更高。
而在7-1-1这篇文章的选取中，我们应该重点关注6-9和10-13这两大类题型。因为6-9是集中型的题目，定位的答案相对靠近，都在文章的D段，在读原文的过程中，会更容易定位，而且我们知道所有题目都和facial version 相关，大大缩小了定位范围。10-13题，这种句子填空题一般是按照原文先后顺序出现的，在E段里面一次出现了相关内容。这样定位相对更有规律，而且基本每个题目都出现了sonar和radar这两个概念，所以，考生只需在读原文的过程中去关注和这两个概念相关的内容，再结合每个题目里的关键词，就比较容易解决。而相反最靠前的1-5题反而是最难定位的段落细节配对题，完全在原文乱序又分散，这种题目建议考生在把其他题目完成之后，借助原文和对其他题目的理解再来进行定位，可以节约不少时间。
第四步:阅读原文
在阅读原文的过程中，重点放在容易定位的题目上，因为即使在看不太懂原文的情况下，考生还是可以根据题目的关键词和定位规律快速定位。集中就联系上下文，正序就从前到后，这种题目相对更容易。
所以，简言之，考生在考场上的做题顺序并非按照出题顺序来做，而是应该按照定位的难易程度来做，要在有限的时间内把我们能够拿分的题目先做完，即：容易定位的题目一定要先做，不容易定位的放在最后做。
雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案
Don’t wash those fossils!
Standard museum practice can wash away DNA.
1. Washing， brushing and varnishing fossils — all standard conservation treatments used by many fossil hunters and museum curators alike — vastly reduces the chances of recovering ancient DNA.
2. Instead， excavators should be handling at least some of their bounty with gloves， and freezing samples as they are found， dirt and all， concludes a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences today.
3. Although many palaeontologists know anecdotally that this is the best way to up the odds of extracting good DNA， Eva-Maria Geigl of the Jacques Monod Institute in Paris， France， and her colleagues have now shown just how important conservation practices can be. This information， they say， needs to be hammered home among the people who are actually out in the field digging up bones.
4. Geigl and her colleagues looked at 3，200-year-old fossil bones belonging to a single individual of an extinct cattle species， called an aurochs. The fossils were dug up at a site in France at two different times — either in 1947， and stored in a museum collection， or in 2004， and conserved in sterile conditions at -20 oC.
5. The team’s attempts to extract DNA from the 1947 bones all failed. The newly excavated fossils， however， all yielded DNA.
6. Because the bones had been buried for the same amount of time， and in the same conditions， the conservation method had to be to blame says Geigl. “As much DNA was degraded in these 57 years as in the 3，200 years before，” she says.
Wash in， wash out
7. Because many palaeontologists base their work on the shape of fossils alone， their methods of conservation are not designed to preserve DNA， Geigl explains.
8. The biggest problem is how they are cleaned. Fossils are often washed together on-site in a large bath， which can allow water — and contaminants in the form of contemporary DNA — to permeate into the porous bones. “Not only is the authentic DNA getting washed out， but contamination is getting washed in，” says Geigl.
9. Most ancient DNA specialists know this already， says Hendrik Poinar， an evolutionary geneticist at McMaster University in Ontario， Canada. But that doesn’t mean that best practice has become widespread among those who actually find the fossils.
10. Getting hold of fossils that have been preserved with their DNA in mind relies on close relationships between lab-based geneticists and the excavators， says palaeogeneticist Svante P bo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig， Germany. And that only occurs in exceptional cases， he says.
11. P bo’s team， which has been sequencing Neanderthal DNA， continually faces these problems. “When you want to study ancient human and Neanderthal remains， there’s a big issue of contamination with contemporary human DNA，” he says.
12. This doesn’t mean that all museum specimens are fatally flawed， notes P bo. The Neanderthal fossils that were recently sequenced in his own lab， for example， had been part of a museum collection treated in the traditional way. But P bo is keen to see samples of fossils from every major find preserved in line with Geigl’s recommendations — just in case.
Warm and wet
13. Geigl herself believes that， with cooperation between bench and field researchers， preserving fossils properly could open up avenues of discovery that have long been assumed closed.
14. Much human cultural development took place in temperate regions. DNA does not survive well in warm environments in the first place， and can vanish when fossils are washed and treated. For this reason， Geigl says， most ancient DNA studies have been done on permafrost samples， such as the woolly mammoth， or on remains sheltered from the elements in cold caves — including cave bear and Neanderthal fossils.
15. Better conservation methods， and a focus on fresh fossils， could boost DNA extraction from more delicate specimens， says Geigl. And that could shed more light on the story of human evolution.
(640 words nature )
Glossary
Palaeontologists 古生物学家
Aurochs 欧洲野牛
Neanderthal (人类学)尼安德特人，旧石器时代的古人类。
Permafrost (地理)永冻层
Questions 1-6
Answer the following questions by using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
1. How did people traditionally treat fossils?
2. What suggestions do Geigl and her colleagues give on what should be done when fossils are found?
3. What problems may be posed if fossil bones are washed on-site? Name ONE.
4. What characteristic do fossil bones have to make them susceptible to be contaminated with contemporary DNA when they are washed?
5. What could be better understood when conservation treatments are improved?
6. The passage mentioned several animal species studied by researchers. How many of them are mentioned?
Questions 7-11
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer
FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer
NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage
7. In their paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ， Geigl and her colleagues have shown what conservation practices should be followed to preserve ancient DNA.
8. The fossil bones that Geigl and her colleagues studied are all from the same aurochs.
9. Geneticists don’t have to work on site.
10. Only newly excavated fossil bones using new conservation methods suggested by Geigl and her colleagues contain ancient DNA.
11. Paabo is still worried about the potential problems caused by treatments of fossils in traditional way.
Questions 12-13
Complete the following the statements by choosing letter A-D for each answer.
12. “This information” in paragraph 3 indicates：
[A] It is critical to follow proper practices in preserving ancient DNA.
[B] The best way of getting good DNA is to handle fossils with gloves.
[C] Fossil hunters should wear home-made hammers while digging up bones.
[D] Many palaeontologists know how one should do in treating fossils.
13. The study conducted by Geigl and her colleagues suggests：
[A] the fact that ancient DNA can not be recovered from fossil bones excavated in the past.
[B] the correlation between the amount of burying time and that of the recovered
DNA.
[C] the pace at which DNA degrades.
[D] the correlation between conservation practices and degradation of DNA.
雅思考试阅读模拟答案
Suggested answers and explanations
1. washing， brushing， varnishing 见第一段。
2. handling with gloves / freezing samples ( any one of the two ) 见第二段。
3. losing authentic DNA / being contaminated / contamination ( any one of the three) 见第八段 “Not only is the authentic DNA getting washed out， but contamination is getting washed in” (答being contaminated或 contamination比较保险)
4. they are porous porous 的意思是多孔的。见第八段 “。。。 which can allow water — and contaminants in the form of contemporary DNA — to permeate into the porous bones.”
5. human evolution 见第十五段。其中“shed light on sth”的意思是使某事显得非常清楚，使人了解某事。
6. 4 分别为第四段的“an extinct cattle species， called an aurochs”，即欧洲野牛，已经绝迹;第十一段 “Neanderthal”， 是人类学用语，尼安德特人，旧石器时代的古人类;第十四段“woolly mammoth”和“cave bear”，其中mammoth是猛犸，一种古哺乳动物。
7. T 见第二段。
8. T 见第四段 “Geigl and her colleagues looked at 3，200-year- old fossil bones belonging to a single individual of an extinct cattle species， called an aurochs.” 即他们研究的骨化石是一头欧洲野牛身上的。
9. NG
10. F 见第十二段第一、二句话。
11. T 见第十二段末句 “But P bo is keen to see samples of fossils from every major find preserved in line with Geigl’s recommendations — just in case.” 意即为保险起见，Paabo还是非常希望见到用Geigl建议的方法保存的化石样本。“just in case” 的意思是以防万一，就是Paabo对用传统保存处理的化石不放心的意思。
12. A 见第三段。This information就是前一句中 “。。。 just how important conservation practices can be” (to preserve good DNA)。“be hammered”之中hammer一词的意思是不断重复强调。
13. D 面信息。需要理解文章各处关于Geigl和她的同事所作的研究
