托福阅读满分必学三大技巧
关于托福阅读的三个小技巧，你都有知道吗?学会了这三个技巧，做阅读事半功倍哦，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读满分必学三大技巧
托福阅读技能贯穿了整个托福考试：听力题目选项的快速浏览、口语题干背景的准确把握、以及综合写作短篇论点论据的有效定位，均需要快速高效的阅读能力配合完成。从阅读分数所占的总分比重来看，托福阅读的重要性是不可忽视的。今天小编为大家带来托福阅读满分三大技巧，希望能帮助到你! 1、托福阅读词汇(vocabulary) 从某种意义上来讲，词汇量的大小是TOEFL阅读理解高分的基础(basis)和关键。如果词汇量没有达到基本要求(五千以上)，纵然你有葵花宝典在手，也只能命丧ETS的毒招之下。所以，以牺牲词汇量为代价的技巧练习简直是一味巨毒无比的五毒散。 2、托福阅读技巧(reading skill) TOEFL的阅读量非常大，一般的中国考生根本无法把文章全部读完，所谓的扫读法、跳读法和略读法也只能适用于少数类型的文章，根本不能解决本质(essence)问题。那么，文章到底应该怎么读法呢?一句话，主动地(initiative)阅读文章的关键部位。 所谓主动是指不能像一般的阅读那样完全被动地(passive)接受信息，而应该不断的进行思考和预测;所谓关键部位，主要是每一段的开头和结尾部分。由于TOEFL的阅读理解文章全部选自于正式出版物(publication)，文章的逻辑(logic)结构非常完整(complete)和严谨 (rigorous)，而且出现的逻辑模式也是屈指可数。 经过系统的训练，考生的预测可以做到非常准确的程度(accurate degree)。这样，通过阅读文章的几处关键部位，就能很快地把握整个文章的结构和内在的逻辑关系，也就解决了问题的70%. 3、解题训练(training) 排除法(exclusive method)恐怕是一直以来大多数学生在解阅读理题目时使用最多的方法。事实上(in fact)，这种方法具有致命的缺点(fatal disadvantage)：干扰大、费时间。更有效和迅速的办法是读完题干之后，就在脑子反映出一个模糊的(vague)或者是不完整的(incomplete)答案，然后直接在选项中寻找接近的(close)答案进行判断(to judge)。这种能力必须在平时的训练和讲解中逐渐 (gradually)养成和加强，决非什么技巧之类的东西可以替代(to replace)。 1、有据可循，每篇文章题目都根据文章布局一步一步向前推进，即使有个别题打乱文章布局，在题干里总是有提供信息的关键词将考生带入文章的具体部位。 2、回归原文，做题时，根据题干或选项的关键词回归文章寻找重现关键词或其释义的语言区域，同时排除相应的选项。 3、整句分析，遇到难句子时，应该对其进行句子结构分析，排除修饰成分，寻找主干部分，从而迅速把握整个句子的意思，不要盯着单个的词不放，不然就会因小失大。 4、基于事实，每个问题的四个选项或者是对文章中相关部分的正确释度、或者是歪曲原文、或者与原文毫不相干。换句话说，命题专家在设置试题时会玩一些文字游戏，用各种表达形式让考生晕头转向、雾里看花。考生应该明白自己的职责是辨别真伪，找到符合文章意思和题意的选项。
托福阅读长难句：岛上生物群落共生关系
原文
It is significant that the earliest living things that built communities on these islands are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon that depends up on the close cooperation of two or more forms of life and a principle that is very importantin island communities.
翻译
在这些岛上建立生物群落的最早的生物以共生方式存在是非常重要的，共生是一种依赖两种或两种以上的生物紧密合作而生存的现象，也是在岛上生物群落非常重要的原则。
词汇讲解：
community n. 社区，团体，社会，(动植物的)群落
symbiosis /sɪmbaɪ'osɪs/ n. 共生
结构划分：
It is significant that the earliest living things (that built communities on these islands) are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon (that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life) and a principle (that is very important in island communities).
解析
修饰一：(that built communities on theseislands)，从句，修饰living things
中文：在这些岛上建立生物群落
修饰二：(a phenomenon and a principle)，同位语，修饰symbiosis，注意这里的a phenomenon和a principle被从句隔开了，注意这里的断句
修饰三：(that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life) ，从句，修饰a phenomenon
中文：依赖两种或两种以上的生物紧密合作
修饰四：(that is very important in island communities)从句，修饰aprinciple
中文：在岛上生物群落非常重要
托福阅读长难句：水利驱动的局限性
Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to, and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons.
结构划分：
Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and (although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills),it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed (where nature intended them to), and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks (whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons.)
翻译：
只有最后一种完全适合持续运转的机器，虽然水力在Lancashire和Scotland十分丰富，能够运转谷物厂和纺织厂，但它有一个缺点：水的流向是自然决定的，所以水力驱动的工厂不得不位于河岸边，而不管这个位置由于其他原因是否合理。
以上就是托福阅读中长难句的训练分析介绍，希望大家能够学到有效的训练和提升方法，让自己更为轻松地面对长难句得到高分。
解析
修饰一：(although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills) ，从句
中文：虽然水力在Lancashire和Scotland十分丰富，能够运转谷物厂和纺织厂
修饰二：(where nature intended them to) ，从句
中文：水的流向是自然决定的
修饰三：(whether or not the location wasdesirable for other reasons.) ，从句
中文：而不管这个位置由于其他原因是否合理
托福阅读长难句：大气引擎的设计优缺点
原文：
This “atmospheric engine,” invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen, embodied revolutionary principles, but it was so slow and wasteful of fuel that it could not be employed outside the coal mines for which it had been designed.
翻译：
这个由Thomas Savery发明并由他的搭档Thomas Newcomen大力改善的“大气引擎”体现了革命性的原理，但它如此慢和浪费燃料以致于不能再煤矿的以外的地方使用，尽管原来是这么设计的。
以上就是托福阅读中长难句的训练分析介绍，希望大家能够学到有效的训练和提升方法，让自己更为轻松地面对长难句得到高分。
词汇讲解：
embody /ɪm'bɒdɪ/ v. 体现(想法﹑ 感情等)，使(想法﹑ 感情等)具体化;包括或含有某物
revolutionary /'rɛvə'lʊʃə'nɛri/ adj. 革命的
employ = make use of sb/sth 使用
结构划分：
This “atmospheric engine,” (invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen,) embodied revolutionary principles, but it was so slow and wasteful of fuel (that it could not be employed outside the coal mines) (for which it had been designed.)
解析：
修饰一：(invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen,) ，插入语，修饰this “atmospheric engine”，大家注意这里的断句，This “atmospheric engine” embodied revolutionary principles被隔开了，断句很重要
中文：由Thomas Savery发明并由他的搭档Thomas Newcomen大力改善的
修饰二：(that it could not be employed outside the coal mines) ，从句，so…that结构
中文：不能在煤矿的以外的地方使用
修饰三：(for which it had been designed.) ，从句，修饰coal mines
中文：引擎被设计
托福阅读长难句：甘薯的来源考据
原文：
As Patrick Kirch, an American anthropologist, points out, rather than being brought by rafting South Americans, sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back by returning Polynesian navigators who could have reached the west coast of South America.
翻译：
正如美国人类学家Patrick Kirch所指出的，甘薯并不是南美人用筏运来的，而是通过已经去过南美西海岸的玻利尼西亚返航者很方便就带来了。
以上就是托福阅读中长难句的训练分析介绍，希望大家能够学到有效的训练和提升方法，让自己更为轻松地面对长难句得到高分。
词汇讲解：
anthropologist /ænθrə'pɒlədʒɪst/ n. 人类学家
rather than prep. 而不是
raft /rɑːft/ n. 筏 v. 用筏子载运(人或货物)
navigator /'nævɪgeɪtə/ n. 航行者，航海者;领航员，导航员;导航仪
结构划分：
As Patrick Kirch, (an American anthropologist), points out, (rather than being brought by rafting South Americans), sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back (by returning Polynesian navigators) (who could have reached the west coast of South America.)
解析：
修饰一：(an American anthropologist)，同位语，修饰Patrick Kirch
中文：美国人类学家
修饰二：(rather than being brought byrafting South Americans)，介词短语，rather than是托福阅读里一个高频短语，大家记住它是一个介词，表示“而不是”
中文：不是南美人用筏运来的
修饰三：(by returning Polynesiannavigators)，介词短语，修饰bringback
中文：玻利尼西亚返航者
修饰四：(who could have reached the westcoast of South America. ) ，从句，修饰navigators
中文：已经去过南美西海岸
主干：swee官方真题Officialtatoes might just have easily been brought back
