GRE阅读备考精华技巧指点

GRE阅读备考精华技巧指点, 做好意群训练看懂文章更轻松，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

GRE阅读备考精华技巧指点 ,做好意群训练看懂文章更轻松

什么是意群训练

在进入正题之前，先来看看意群的概念，对意群的解释目前流行几个版本，从阅读的意义上来讲，意群就是指大家平时阅读一篇文章时，视线每停留一次，进入视界范围的单词会有多个。这些单词不带有任意性，单词与单词之间的逻辑意义紧密相连，所以可以暂且将这种意义紧密相连的多个单词视为一个意群。

要想将这种方法运用到实际的阅读当中，那就有必要知道，语篇的构成单位为段落，段落的构成单位则是句子，而句子的最终构成单位为语言意义的基本载体单元词汇。而意群训练，是指按照对词汇之间意义的紧密性及对英语句子的结构进行拆分的阅读方法，这样不仅利于阅读速度的提升还可以提高一个人对语篇环境的适应能力。

实例讲解意群训练法

例句1

The primary method previously used by paleontologists to estimate climatic changes that occurred during Pleistocene glacial cycles [新世纪冰川周期] was the determination of 18O/16O [18O与16O分别为氧元素] ratios in calcareous fossils.

这个句子读完第一遍之后，如果发现自己没有读懂这个句子是因为当中所出现的生词所造成的，那你错了，如若使用意群法对此句进行结构拆分，反而会发现其实这个句子读起来并是那么晦涩难懂。换句话说，如果将单词扩大到一个短语成分，分句，乃至整个句子，这样对文章理解起来更深刻也更全面。上面的那个句子，可以将其解构为：一个主干结构，4个意群：

本句主干：Method[主语] Be[系动词] Determination [表语]

四个意群分别为：1) The primary method previously used by paleontologist; 2) to estimate climatic changes that occurred; 3) during Pleistocene glacial cycles; 4) was the determination of 18O/16O ratios in calcareous fossils. 在这句话中，意群的划分依据为词语与词语之间的联系紧密度，意群1应解释为： method前有The primary, 后有previously used by paleontologist，分别起到修饰method的作用，而意群2则在此处用作动词use的目的状语，用来说明这种方法的用途所在, 意群4为系动词表语结构，整个句子的结构也随之开始变的清晰起来。

例句2

In the Weary Blues, Hughes chose to modify the traditions that decreed that African American literature must promote racial acceptance and integration, and that, in order to do so, it must reflect an understanding and mastery of Western European literary techniques and styles.

中文释义：

在<<忧郁的蓝调>>一诗中，休斯选择改变这样一些传统：即，那些曾经规定美国黑人文学必须以倡导种族容忍及种族团结为宗旨的文学传统，并规定为实现这一目标，美国黑人文学还须反映出对西欧文学技巧及风格的理解和娴熟运用能力的文学传统.

这段话中出现了，三个That,往往考生会在这几个that之间踌躇不定，尤其是第三个that后面的意群，in order to do so作为一个插入成分将that与紧跟that后的宾语从句分隔开来，第一个that起引导定语从句的作用，且第一个that可用which 来替代，而第二与第三个that起引导宾语从句的作用，第三个that前省略了动词decreed。当句子当初出现复合句时，尤其是宾语从句或定语从句，会以that为标志出现，而只要将that及其所引导的成分视为一个意群进行分析，读时才不会出现那种不得要领的阅读感觉。

例句3

The petition asked that during June, July, and August the working hours be changed from 8 to 5 with an hour off for lunch to 7 to 3:30 with a half-hour for lunch

中文释义：此申请书请求6，7，8三个月份间的工作时间应从原来早8晚5改为现在的早7点上班晚3：30下班的工作时间制，而午餐时间则由原来的1小时改为现在的半小时。

如果能够分清此句的意群，就不会读不懂整句话，本句结构为：The petition [主语] asked[谓语] that[后接宾语从句]。当我们看到be change时，便会一眼看到change 后的from...to...to...to，这时，问题便出现了，这里存在两个意群：1. 8 to 5 with an hour off for lunch; 2. 7 to 3:30 with a half-hour for lunch, 当理清这两个意群以后，整个句子开始变得流畅了许多。

在新GRE阅读中，大家如果能够将句子按照意群方法进行句子结构的重新划分，将句子分为几个意义理解单位，不但能够提升阅读的速度，而且还会对句子的结构及段落进行清晰的把握。这就是进行意群训练的意义，希望大家按照本上文的方式进行新GRE阅读练习，以提高自己的新GRE阅读成绩。

新GRE阅读练习题

Stem borers are insect pests that often ruin North American corn crops. On some other continents, crop damage by stem borers is controlled by a certain species of wasp. Since these wasps eat nothing but stem borers, importing them into North America will keep crop damage from stem borers under control without endangering other North American insect species.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

(A) Corn is the principal food of stem borers that live on continents other than North America.

(B) The wasps are capable of surviving in North America long enough to eat significant numbers of stem borers.

(C) No wasp in North America is closely related to the species of wasp that eats stem borers.

(D) On continent other than North America, the wasps control stem borers more effectively than does any other pest control measure.

(E) Corn crops on continents other than North America are not damaged by any insect pests other than stem borers.

答案：B

新GRE阅读练习题

In the United States, average fuel efficiency of newly manufactured domestic cars, although remaining worse than that of newly manufactured imported cars, substantially improved between 1983 and 1988. Average fuel efficiency of new domestic cars has not improved since, but the difference in average fuel efficiencies of new domestic cars and new imported cars has steadily decreased. If the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true on the basis of them?

(A) Average fuel efficiency of domestic cars manufactured after 1988 was better than that of imported cars manufactured before 1988.

(B) Average fuel efficiency of newly manufactured domestic cars has steadily worsened since 1988.

(C) Average fuel efficiency of newly manufactured imported cars has steadily worsened since 1988.

(D) Average fuel efficiency of newly manufactured imported cars has steadily improved since 1983.

(E) Average fuel efficiency of imported cars manufactured in 1983 was better than that of imported cars manufactured in 1988.

答案：C

新GRE阅读练习题

For many years, Benjamin Quarles' seminal account of the participation of African Americans in the American Revolution has remained the standard work in the field. According to Quarles, the outcome of this conflict was mixed for African American slaves who enlisted in Britain's fight against its rebellious American colonies in return for the promise of freedom:the British treacherously resold many into slavery in the West Indies, while others obtained freedom in Canada and Africa. Building on Quarles' analysis of the latter group, Sylvia Frey studied the former slaves who emigrated to British colonies in Canada. According to Frey, these refugees-the most successful of the African American Revolutionary War participants-viewed themselves as the ideological heirs of the American Revolution. Frey sees this inheritances reflected in their demands for the same rights that the American revolutionaries had demanded from the British: land ownership, limits to arbitrary authority and burdensome taxes, and freedom of religion.

According to the passage, which of the following is true about the African American Revolutionary War participants who settled in Canada after the American Revolution?

(A) Although they were politically unaligned with either side, they identified more with British ideology than with American ideology.

(B) While they were not immediately betrayed by the British, they ultimately suffered the same fate as did African American Revolutionary.War participants who were resold into slavery in the West Indies.

(C) They settled in Canada rather than in Africa because of the greater religious freedom available in Canada.

(D) They were more politically active than were African American Revolutionary War participants who settled in Africa.

(E) They were more successful than were African American Revolutionary War participants who settled Africa.

答案：E

新GRE阅读练习题

From a newspaper editorial:Many people who are addicted to heroin will eventually attempt to overcome their addiction, principally for two reasons:the expense of maintaining a heroin addiction and the fear of arrest. If heroin were legalized and made available cheaply, as some people advocate, neither of these reasons would apply.

The considerations above can best serve as part of an argument that

(A) legalizing the sale of heroin would cause the price of this drug to go down

(B) making it easier for heroin addicts to obtain treatment for their addiction would encourage many heroin addicts to attempt to overcome their addiction

(C) legalizing the sale of heroin would increase the number of crimes committed by heroin addicts to support their addiction

(D) making heroin available legally and cheaply would make it less likely that heroin addicts will attempt to overcome their addiction

(E) decreasing the severity of penalties for individuals who use heroin would not increase the number of new heroin addicts

答案：D