托福考试语法模拟试题及答案精选整合
语法在托福考试中占重要的位置，小编整理了托福语法考试模拟题，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福考试语法模拟试题及答案
1. The American clipper ship era was of duration short， extending from about 1845 to 1859.
答案：B
分析及考点：词序的颠倒，应该改成short duration.只有特殊情况修饰成分后置。
参考译文：美国的剪帆船的时期经历时间很短，只有从1845到1859.
2. Crystals of pure quartz， usually called rock crystal， are coarseness， colorless， and transparent.
答案：D
分析及考点：平行对称结构，词性不对称，所以coarseness名词应改成coarse
参考译文：纯净石英的结晶，通常称为岩石水晶，是粗糙的，无色的，透明的。
3. Of 120 minerals known to have been used as gemstones， only about 25 are in common use in today jewelry.
答案：D
分析及考点：词序的问题。应该改成jewelry today.
参考译文：在作为宝石使用的所知道的120种矿石中，只有25种是现在珠宝业通常使用的。
4. One of the thirteen original state of the United States， North Carolina lies on the Atlantic coast midway between New York and Florida.
答案：A
分析及考点：名词单复数使用错误。应该用复数states.看到one of the.
参考译文：北卡罗来那州是最初组成美国的13个州中的一个座落在大西洋岸边，在纽约州和佛罗里达州的中间。
5. The various peoples who developed North America have made it a world leader economic .
答案：D
分析及考点：词序的颠倒。改成economic leader
参考译文：发展北美的多个民族把北美建设成了全世界的经济领袖。
1. Frances Perkins， _________ of the United States cabinet， served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945.
A. the first female member
B. was the first female member
C. the first female member who
D. of whom the first female member
答案：A
分析：主语同位语结构。B中多了一个谓语was，因为后面已经有一个谓语动词served， 一个句子中出现2个谓语且没有连接词就一定错; C中who多余，用法也不正确;D中of whom多余，不是定语从句，考的是同位语结构。
参考译文：Frances Perkins，是美国内阁的第一为女性成员，她从1933到1945年在内阁担任劳工部秘书。
2. When _________ to dough and heated， carbon dioxide is released， causing the dough to rise.
A. is added baking powder
B. added baking powder is
C. is baking powder added
D. baking powder is added
答案：D
分析：When为状语从句引导词;语序应该为正常语序，A，C错;B语序混乱，明显应该用被动形式，而且有固定结构add to.
参考译文：当把烘烤用粉加到面团里加热的时候，会释放出二氧化碳，使得面团涨开。
3. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in succeeding generations， geneticists use the theory of probability.
A. The calculation of
B. To calculate
C. Is calculating
D. Calculated
答案：B
分析：to calculate，这里用不定式表示“目的”，前半句的逻辑主语是geneticists，只有B符合要求;A中只有主语，句子不完整。
参考译文：遗传学家运用概率的理论来计算在后代中拥有相似特点个体占有的百分比。
补充： 如同A的形式， 逗号前面就是一个名词短语， 然而正确的句子里， 名词短语要么作为主语的同位语， 要么本身是主语， 如11题。 否则 就是脱离句子成分， 成为错误。
4. Big-band uaaz relies on fixed arrangements， where_______than one instrument playing some of the parts， rather than on improvisation.
A. is more
B. whenever more
C. there is more
D. more
答案：C
分析：where引导状语从句，后面缺主谓。
参考译文：大型乐队爵士依赖于固定的安排，其中演奏相同部分音乐的乐器超过一个，而不是现声发挥。
5. Because of _________ diversity， seven separate groupings or divisions of algae have been established by botanists.
A. them
B. so that
C. those
D. their
答案：D
分析：those是泛指，这里应该用their来特指seven separate groupings or divisions of algae.
参考译文：因为海藻们的不同特性，植物学家把他们分成7个不同的组别或分支。
1. Chromosomes are regarded today as the major carriers of genetic material， _________ of DNA and various types of protein.
A. consisting
B. as to consist
C. consist
D. which consisting
答案：A
分析：分词作状语。如果用consist的话，应该用个conj.后面加个完整的句子。
参考译文：染色体现今被认为是主要的遗传物质携带者，这些遗传物质由DNA和各种各样的蛋白质组成。
2. The leopard seal is the only pinniped _________ preys on penguins and other seals.
A. that normally
B. of which it normally
C. normally
D. that it normally
答案：A
分析：句中出现is和preys两个谓语动词，一定是个复合句;用that引导定语从句，pinniped为先行词，that后为不完整句。
参考译文：美洲虎海豹是仅有的捕食企鹅和其他海豹的鳍足类动物。
3. _________ “nova” means new， novas are actually stars that have existed for a long time and suddenly flare into brilliance.
A. That
B. Why
C. Although
D. It is
答案：C
分析：空格后有2个完整句，空格处需要一个conj.
参考译文：尽管nova意味着新的，但其实新星们是存在了很久而突然闪耀出光辉的恒星。
4. Because Mars is farther from the Sun than _________， Mars takes longer to complete a revolution.
A. Earth is
B. is from Earth
C. what is Earth
D. is it Earth
答案：A
分析：比较结构的对称性：Mars is farther …… than Earth is，is后省略了from the Sun
参考译文：因为火星比地球离太阳要远，火星绕太阳转一圈的时间要比地球长。
5. A social system is _________ of social relations that draws the behavior of its members toward the core values of the group.
A. a complex network
B. how a complex network
C. a complex network and
D. a network that is complex
答案：A
分析：缺宾语。B中的从句只有主语，句子不完整，错;C中and作为连词，后面缺谓语，错;D错，因为of前应该为名词。
参考译文：社会系统就是一个社会关系的复杂网络，这个网络里把成员的行为方式向核心价值观靠拢。
托福考试语法模拟试题及答案详解
1. At the time of Columbus' voyages， Native Americans used an astounding diversity of languages， ________ the diversity used by Europeans.
A. the greatest by far
B. by far than greater
C. by far the greatest
D. greater by far than
答案：D
分析：有than就要找到比较级，A，C语义不通;B语序混乱。
参考译文：哥伦布航海时代，美洲土著居民使用着令人惊异的各种语言，远远超过了欧洲人使用的种类。
2. During the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920's， much African American writers， artists， and musicians came to Harlem in New York City， creating a cultural center there.
答案：A muchàmany
分析：。可数不可数名词修饰词的误用。
参考译文：1920的Harlem黑人社区复兴活动中，很多美国黑人作家、艺术家和音乐家来到了纽约市Harlem，把那里建设成了一个文化中心。
3. In Concord， Massachusetts， there is a museum commemorating the life of Louisa May Alcott， the author the nineteenth-century novel Little Women.
答案：C author the à author of the
分析：缺定冠词。
参考译文：马萨诸赛州的Concord有一个纪念19世纪小说《小女人》的作者Louisa May Alcott生平的博物馆。
4. Lactose， a sugar present in milk， is one of simple sugars used in food preparations for infants.
答案：C of simpleàof the simple.
分析： 从后面的sugars可以看出，sugar代表“某一类糖”的时候是可数名词;present这里做形容词“存在的”，前面省略了which is;one of………结构后面应该接特指的范围，必须加the，所以C错。
参考译文：乳糖，是在牛奶中出现的一种糖，在给婴儿准备的食物中用的一种简单糖类。
5. Jackson， Michigan， a city who was settled in 1829， was named for Andrew Jackson， the seventh President of the United States.
答案：B.whoàwhich
分析：定语从句连词的误用。
参考译文：密西根首府Jackson，于1829年定址，是以美国第七届总统Andrew Jackson的名字命名的。
1. The coal industry is important to every industrial nations because most other industries are directly or indirectly dependent on it.
答案：A
分析及考点：同样表示每个，所有，every应该跟名词单数，而nations是复数，应该改成all
参考译文：煤矿工业对所有国家来说都是重要的，因为大多数其他工业都直接或间接的依赖它。
2. The brightly colored kingfisher that perches until it sights a fish， then dives into the water to catch its prey.
答案：B
分析及考点：先看主谓宾，then连接两个句子。所以that perches实际不成立定语从句，应该把that去掉。
参考译文：具有光亮颜色的翠鸟栖息在高处，直到它看到鱼，它就会扎进水里把猎物抓住。
3. Neptune circles the Sun once every 164.8 Earth years， and its day —— one rotation its axis —— is 15.8 hours.
答案：C rotation around its axis
分析及考点：C的错误比较明显，B(every)的这种用法应记住，很容易被迷惑。
参考译文：
4. Observable comets are occasionally attracted toward the inner Solar System by the fields gravitational of nearby stars and giant molecular clouds.
答案：C
分析及考点：次序颠倒。应改为gravitational fields，重力场。
参考译文：可以观测的的彗星偶尔会受到附近星星和巨大的星云的重力场作用而吸引到太阳系内部来。
5. A single bacterium has the potential to produce 16 million copies of themselves in a day.
答案：D
分析及考点：代词指代问题。A single bacterium的代词要用itself
参考译文：单个细菌有能力在一天内生产16百万个它自身的复制品。
1. Atoms are held together by the electrical forces of attraction between each negative electron and a positive protons within the nucleus.
答案：C
分析及考点：名词单复数混乱。Protons复数，所以应该把a去掉。
参考译文：原子核中每一个负电荷电子和一个正电荷质子之间的电的作用力的相互吸引，把原子结合在一起。
2. The original aim of encyclopedias was to provide a general educational.
答案：D
分析及考点：一个词的词性混用。educational 这里应该是名词形式，所以改成education.
参考译文：百科全书的最初目的是提供普遍的教育。
3. Icebergs are usually white， blue， or green， even although some are black due to rock material incorporated in them .
答案：B
分析及考点：转折连词的用法。只有even though和although，没有 even although 的表述。
参考译文：冰山一般是白色、蓝色或者绿色的，尽管有些是黑色的，那是因为有岩石材料夹杂在里面。
4. Both adult ladybugs and their larvae are voracious eaters of aphids， scale insects， and another plant pests.
答案：D
分析及考点：another与other混用。表示其他的意思，超过一个应该用other，another表示另一个的意思。
参考译文：成年瓢虫和他们的幼虫都是极其喜欢吃蚜虫，介壳虫和其他植物害虫。
5. Early English burlesque often ridiculed celebrated literary works and sentimentally drama.
答案：D
分析及考点：词性混用。修饰名词用形容词，所以改成sentimental.Celebrated是独立的形容词，意为著名的
参考译文：早期的英语滑稽表演通常嘲笑那些著名的文学作品和感人的戏剧。
托福考试语法模拟试题及答案详解
1. All the major cities of the United States， ________ the cities of the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico， began as centers of trade.
A. and to include
B. which including
C. included
D. including
答案：D
分析：两个逗号之间是插入语，这里分词作状语，不能用谓语动词。
参考译文：包括大湖区和墨西哥峡谷的美国所有主要城市都是以贸易中心的模式发展起来的。
2. Settled by English Puritans in 1630， Boston became _________ .
A. the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
B. the Massachusetts Bay Colony its capital
C. it was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
D. so that the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
答案：A
分析：缺宾语。B语序混乱;C中出现两个谓语动词，错;D中became 仍然没有宾语，so that 多余，错。
参考译文：波士顿在1963年被英国清教徒定址，并曾是马萨诸塞州湾殖民地的首都。
3. Navigators on ships and aircraft use a compass to determine _________ they are heading.
A. the direction in which
B. to where the direction
C. that direction of which
D. where the direction
答案：A
分析：空格前缺宾语，空格后是个完整的句子，只有B能满足。prep+which 作为介词宾语，后面接完整的句子。
参考译文：船和飞机的领航员通过指南针来确定他们航行的方向。
4. A condenser is a heat exchanger _________ steam or vapor loses heat and returns to liquid form.
A. what
B. in which
C. in whose
D. that
答案：B
分析：空格前后都是完整的句子，选项中优先选择prep+which.prep+which 作为介词宾语，后面接完整的句子。
参考译文：冷凝器是一种热交换器，蒸气或水汽在里面失去热量，变回液体状态。
5. Published in 1957， John Cheever's first novel， The Wapshot Chronicle， earned _________ the National Book Award.
A. that he had
B. him
C. was his
D. to him
答案：B
分析：双宾语结构：sth. Earn sb sth. 类似的还有gain/win
参考译文：John Cheever的第一部小说The Wapshot Chronicle于1957年，并为他赢得全国图书奖。
1. While play is important at all levels of human development， _________ takes on particular significance when children are five and six years old.
A. it
B. and
C. which
D. because it
答案：A
分析：缺主语。it 在这里作为形式主语。
参考译文：比赛对各个层次人的发展都是重要的，尤其是当小孩5、6岁大的时候，意义重大。
2. During the second and third years of life， children gain _________ over their bodies.
A. control increasing
B. increasing to control
C. control is increasing
D. increasing control
答案：D
分析：缺宾语，而且应该是 adj.修饰名词，只能选D.
参考译文：在生长的第二第三年，小孩们对自己的身体控制能力增强了。
3. All brass instruments use a mouthpiece _________ into a long cone-shaped tube.
A. is inserted
B. that inserted
C. that is inserted
D. and inserted
答案：C
分析：that引导一个定语从句，mouthpiece为先行词。A 出现两个谓语动词，错;B，D应该用被动;
参考译文：所有的铜管乐器都用一个放在长锥筒形管里的吹嘴。
4. By the mid-twentieth century， United States presidential staffs， _________ had numbered fewer than ten a century earlier， numbered in the hundreds.
A. as
B. that they
C. which
D. and
答案：C
分析：非限制性定语从句，只有which能引导非限制性定语从句
参考译文：到20时间中期，美国的总统部官员达到了几百个，而在一个世纪前，还屈指可数呢。
5. In 1966 only 60 percent of all five year olds in the United States attended kindergarten， _________ in 1985 almost 82 percent did so.
A. with
B. which
C. whether
D. while
答案：D
分析：整个句子中出现了两个谓语，缺连接词。
参考译文：在1966年，所有5岁的小孩中只有60%的参加了幼儿园，而到1985，几乎有82%的小孩上幼儿园了。
1. _________ denotes currency in circulation plus bank deposits.
A. The term “money supply”
B. The term is “money supply”
C. When the term “money supply”
D. “Money supply” is the term
答案：A
分析：缺主语。B，D中出现两个谓语，一定错。C中when多余，使得句子不完整。
参考译文：术语货币储备是指流通货币加上银行存款。
2. The Franklin stove， invented around 1742， ________， originally with a partially open front， and was designed to fit into a fireplace.
A. was made of cast iron
B. cast iron was made of
C. cast of iron was made
D. was of iron made cast
答案：A
分析：invented around 1742为插入语，2个was为并列谓语。be made of 为固定搭配。
参考译文：Franklin火炉发明于1742年，是用铁浇铸的，原先前面可以部分打开，而且设计成能正好装进壁炉。
3. A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness _________.
A. having eaten
B. that they are eaten
C. are eaten
D. when eaten
答案：D
分析：状语从句的省略结构。省略条件：由特定的状语从句引导词：although， though， even though， if， when， while， as， whether; 从句为主系表结构;从句主语和主句主语一致。省略方式：要同时省略主语和系动词。原句为：…… when mushrooms are eaten.
参考译文：吃了一些种类的蘑菇会造成死亡或重大疾病。
4. Some critics maintain _________ the mystery novel is a symbolic ritual of guilt and retribution.
A. is that
B. that there is
C. it is
D. that
答案：D
分析：that引导宾语从句。A，C中出现两个谓语动词，错;B中that引导的从句出现两个谓语动词，错。
参考译文：一些评论家认为神秘小说是罪与罚象征性的仪式。
5. _________ all cherry trees are very attractive when in bloom， some species with inferior fruit are cultivated especially for their flowers.
A. Although
B. There are
C. It is
D. That
答案：A
分析：后面句子完整，且出现了两个谓语动词，此处缺连接词。
参考译文：尽管所有的樱桃树在开花的时候都很美丽，但它们中的一些不结果的种类专门种植用来观赏他们的花的。
