托福阅读长难句分析汇总

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托福阅读长难句1

The new candid photography—unposed pictures that were made when the subjects were unaware that their pictures were being taken—confirmed these scientific results, and at the same time, thanks to the radical cropping (trimming) of images that the camera often imposed, suggested new compositional formats. (TPO22,46)

candid photography n. 快拍摄影

subject n. 对象

radical /'rædɪkl/ adj. 根本的，基本的，彻底的

crop v. 剪短

impose /ɪm'pəʊz/ v. 将某事物强加於

compositional adj. 组成的

大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解

The new candid photography—(unposed pictures) (that were made) (when the subjects were unaware) (that their pictures were being taken)—confirmed these scientific results, and (at the same time), (thanks to the radical cropping (trimming) of images)(that the camera often imposed), suggested new compositional formats. (TPO22, 46)

托福阅读长难句100句分析：

这个句子主干：

The new candid photography confirmed these scientific results and suggested new compositional formats.

修饰一：(unposed pictures) ，非谓语动词，修饰The new candid photography

中文：没有摆拍的照片

修饰二：(that were made) ，从句，修饰unposed pictures

中文：被拍

修饰三：(when the subjects were unaware) ，从句

中文：当对象没有意识到

修饰四：(that their pictures were beingtaken)，从句

中文：他们正在被拍

修饰五：(at the same time) ，介词短语

中文：同时

修饰六：(thanks to the radical cropping(trimming) of images) ，介词短语

中文：由于对于图像彻底的裁剪

修饰七：(that the camera often imposed) ，从句

中文：相机经常自带有

托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：

这种新的快拍摄影——在对象没有意识到他们正在被拍时，没有摆拍的照片——证实了这些科学结果，与此同时，由于相机经常自带对于图像彻底的裁剪，表明了新的构图方式。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词、从句和介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

托福阅读长难句2

今天我们来看这样一个句子：

The images produced by the camera obscura, a boxlike device that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper,were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice. (TPO22, 56)

camera obscura n. 暗箱

pinhole n. 小孔，针孔

topographical /ˌtɔpə'ɡræfikəl/ adj. 地形上的，地形学的

大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解

The images (produced by the camera obscura), (a boxlike device) (that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper), were already familiar—the device had been much employed (bytopographical artists) (like the Italian painter Canaletto) (in his detailed views of the city of Venice). (TPO22, 56)

托福阅读长难句100句分析：

这个句子的主干就是The images were already familiar

断句一定要注意!!!

主语和谓语被非谓语动词以及从句隔开了。

修饰一：(produced by the camera obscura) ，非谓语动词，修饰the images

中文：由暗箱所产生的

修饰二：(a boxlike device) ，同位语

中文：盒装设备

修饰三：(that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper) ，从句，修饰a boxlike device)

中文：用一个小孔或透镜把一张图像投射到一块毛玻璃或一张纸上

修饰四：(by topographical artists) ，介词短语

中文：通过地形艺术家

修饰五：(like the Italian painter Canaletto)，介词短语

中文：像意大利画家Canaletto

修饰六：(in his detailed views of the city of Venice)，介词短语

中文：在详细呈现威尼斯风景时

托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：

由暗箱(一种盒装设备，用一个小孔或透镜把一张图像投射到一块毛玻璃或一张纸上)所产生的图像已经很熟悉了——这种设备已经被地形艺术家使用，例如意大利画家Canaletto在详细呈现威尼斯风景时使用了这种设备。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词、从句、同位语和介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

托福阅读长难句3

The frequency with which certain simple motifs appear in these oldest sites has led rock-art researchers to adopt a descriptive term—the Panaramitee style—a label which takes its name from the extensive rock pavements at Panaramitee North indesert South Australia, which are covered with motifs pecked into the surface.(TPO23, 51)

motif /məʊ'tiːf/ n. 装饰的图案或式样;(音乐的)乐旨,(文学的)主题.

term n. 术语

peck /pek/ v. <鸟>以喙啄

大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解

The frequency (with which certain simple motifs appear in these oldest sites) has led rock-art researchers to adopt a descriptive term—the Panaramitee style—alabel (which takes its name from the extensive rock pavements at Panaramitee North in desertSouth Australia),(which are covered with motifs pecked into the surface.) (TPO23, 51)

托福阅读长难句100句分析：

这个句子的主干：The frequency has led rock-art researchers to adopt a descriptive term

注意这里的lead...to短语

修饰一：(with which certain simple motifs appear in these oldest sites) ，从句，修饰the frequency

中文：一些简单图案出现在这些最古老遗址上

修饰二：(which takes its name from the extensive rock pavements at Panaramitee North in desert South Australia) ，从句修饰a label，注意这个从句里面还有两个介词短语：

which takes its name (from the extensive rock pavements)(at Panaramitee North in desert South Australia)

(from the extensive rock pavements) ，来自宽广的岩石路面

(at Panaramitee North in desert South Australia)，在澳大利亚南部沙漠Panaramitee North

中文：取名于在澳大利亚南部沙漠Panaramitee North宽广的岩石路面

修饰三：(which are covered with motifs pecked into the surface.) ，从句，修饰rock pavements，注意这个从句里面还有个非谓语动词：

which are covered with motifs (pecked into the surface.)

(pecked into the surface.)，刻进路面

中文：这些路面被刻进表面的图案所覆盖

托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：

一些简单图案出现在这些最古老遗址上的频率使得岩石艺术研究人员采用了一个描述性的术语——Panaramitee风格——这个称号取名于在澳大利亚南部沙漠Panaramitee North宽广的岩石路面，这些路面被刻进表面的图案所覆盖。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词、从句和介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

托福阅读长难句4

While accepting that this sequence fits the archaeological profile of those sites,which were occupied continuously over many thousands of years, a number of writers have warned that the underlying assumption of such a sequence—a development from the simple and the geometric to the complex and naturalistic—obscures the cultural continuities in Aboriginal Australia, in which geometric symbolism remains fundamentally important. (TPO23, 62)

archaeological /ˌɑ:kiə'lɔdʒikəl/ adj. 考古学的

profile /'prəʊfaɪl/ n. 侧面(像);轮廓，外形

underlying adj. 潜在的，根本的

geometric /ˌdʒɪə'metrɪk/ adj. 几何的

obscure /əb'skjʊə/ vt. 使不分明，遮掩

symbolism /'sɪmbəlɪz(ə)m/ n. 象征主义

大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解

(While accepting that this sequence fits the archaeological profile of those sites), (which were occupied continuously over many thousands of years), a number of writers have warned (that the underlying assumption of such a sequence—a development from the simple and the geometric to the complex and naturalistic—obscures the cultural continuities in Aboriginal Australia), (in which geometric symbolism remains fundamentally important). (TPO23, 62)

托福阅读长难句100句分析：

修饰一：(While accepting that this sequence fits the archaeological profile of those sites) ，从句

中文：虽然接受了这种顺序与这些地点的考古图案相符

修饰二：(which were occupied continuously over many thousands of years) ，从句，修饰sites

中文：这些地方几千年来充满了这样的图案

修饰三：(that the underlying assumption of such a sequence—a development from the simple and the geometric to the complex and naturalistic—obscures the cultural continuities in Aboriginal Australia) ，从句，注意里面有一个破折号来解释说明前面的顺序：a development from the simple and the geometric to the complex and naturalistic(从简单图案和几何图案再到复杂图案和自然主义图案的发展)

中文：但一些作者警告说这种顺序的潜在假设——从简单图案和几何图案再到复杂图案和自然主义图案的发展——模糊了澳大利亚土著文化的连续性，

修饰四：(in which geometric symbolism remains fundamentally important) ，从句，修饰前面的Aboriginal Australia

中文：而在这里几何图案的象征主义依然十分重要。

托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：

虽然接受了这种顺序与这些地点的考古图案相符(这些地方几千年来充满了这样的图案)，但一些作者警告说这种顺序的潜在假设——从简单图案和几何图案再到复杂图案和自然主义图案的发展——模糊了澳大利亚土著文化的连续性，而在这里几何图案的象征主义依然十分重要。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。

托福阅读长难句5

Lesley Maynard, the archaeologist who coined the phrase “Panaramitee style,” suggested that a sequence could be determined for Australian rock art, in which a geometric style gave way to a simple figurative style (outlines of figures and animals), followed by a range of complex figurative styles that, unlike the pan-Australian geometric tradition, tended to much greater regional diversity.(TPO23, 58)

archaeologist /ˌɑ:ki'ɔlədʒist/ n. 考古学家

coin vt. 创造(新词语)

geometric /ˌdʒɪə'metrɪk/ adj. 几何的

figurative adj. 比喻的，形象的

pan-构词成分，意思为：总的，泛的，全的，如pan-African

大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解

Lesley Maynard, (the archaeologist)(who coined the phrase “Panaramitee style,”) suggested that a sequence could be determined for Australian rock art,(in which a geometric style gave way to a simple figurative style (outlines of figures and animals)), (followed by a range of complex figurative styles)(that,unlike the pan-Australian geometric tradition, tended to much greater regional diversity.)(TPO23, 58)

托福阅读长难句100句分析：

修饰一：(the archaeologist) ，同位语

中文：考古学家

修饰二：(who coined the phrase“Panaramitee style,”) ，从句，修饰the archaeologist

中文：创造了“Panaramitee style”词组

修饰三：(in which a geometric style gaveway to a simple figurative style (outlines of figures and animals)) ，从句，修饰rock art

中文：从几何图形风格，后来被简单的轮廓风格(人物和动物的轮廓)取代

修饰四：(followed by a range of complex figurative styles) ，非谓语动词

中文：再到后来一系列复杂的轮廓风格

修饰五：(that, unlike the pan-Australiangeometric tradition, tended to much greater regional diversity.) ，从句

中文：不像泛澳的几何的传统，更趋向地区的多样化

托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：

LesleyMaynard(创造了“Panaramiteestyle”词组的考古学家)认为：澳大利亚岩石艺术的顺序可以被确定，即岩石艺术从几何图形风格，后来被简单的轮廓风格(人物和动物的轮廓)取代，再到后来一系列复杂的轮廓风格(这种风格不像泛澳的几何的传统，更趋向地区的多样化)。

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句、非谓语动词以及同位语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。