英语七年级下册知识点经典版合集

若水分享 2021-01-12 09:02:45 1147

随着全球化的不断加深，英语显得十分重要，特别是对于那些要与外国人交流的人来说。一方面，英语是了解外界的必备因素。下面是小编为大家整理的有关英语七年级下册知识点经典版合集，希望对你们有帮助!

英语七年级下册知识点经典版合集

英语七年级下册知识点经典版合集

2.ving形式的构成

1)直接在动词原形末尾加-ing,如play-playing

2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ing,如have-having

3)以重读闭音节结尾的单词，结尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写这个字母，再加-ing。如，begin-beginning

注意：

1) 有些动词一般不用于现在进行时,如see,like,love, want,know等，而用一般现在时。如，Do you know him?你认识他吗?

2) 有些动词如come, go, arrive, leave, start, fly, drive,stay等表示位置转移的词，用现在进行时表示按计划即将发生的动作，如 We are going to Beijing on Friday.我们星期五要去北京。

3. 构词知识：

1) 名词后缀：-er,如，singer

-or,如 actor

-ing, 如 meeting

-tion 如 direction

2) 形容词后缀： -ful 如，beautiful

-ing 如，boring

-ous 如，dangerous

-ly 如， friendly

3)副词后缀：-ly 如，really

4)数词后缀：-teen 如，thirteen

-ty 如，thirty

-th 如，fourth

5)在国家名词后加-ian,-an, -n表示其国家的人。如，

Egypt埃及 Egyptian埃及人

Europe欧洲 European欧洲人

Canada加拿大 Canadian加拿大人

Italy意大利 Italian意大利人

Australia澳大利亚 Australian澳大利亚人

America美国 American美国人

6)在表示天气的名词后加-y如，wind-windy, fog-foggy,sun-sunny

4. Until的用法：

Until 和 till的意义相同，都有“直到”，“直到...才"，"在...以前不"的意思.它们的使用方法为：

1) 作介词: 作介词，后面通常接表时间的名词或短语.如We are back until/till3o’clock.三点种我们才回来.

2) 作连词：　作连词时，until和till引导时间状语从句.如 Go along this road until you see the park沿着这条路走，直到你看到公园为止。

【注意】1)以上的状语从句的例句都是从句在主句之后，如果把从句放在主句之前，那么，引导词用till.如Till you come back, I won’t leavehere.直到你回来我才回离开这。

3) 主句的动作是终止性的，要用not…until/till句型。

5.“违反规矩“的现在进行时态

1) 现在进行时比哦按时目前这一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。而说话时并不一定正在进行。如Is Tom working hard this term?汤姆这学期学习用功吗?

They are working on the farm these days.这些日子他们在农场劳动。

2) 表示往返或位置转移的动词，如come,go,leave, stay, start, arrive等构成的现在进行时，可表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作。这些动词还可以和表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow, next week, next year等连用。

They are leaving for Beijing tomorrow.明天他们要动身去北京。

4) 现在进行时与always, often等词相结合，也可表示习惯的，经常重复的动作。意思是“老是”，“总是”。此时常带有一定的感情色彩，如：埋怨，赞赏等。如

Mary is always talking about her son.玛利总是谈论她的儿子。

【注意】一些表示状态和意愿的动词，如be,like,want,know ,think,have等，不能用于现在进行时态中。如，I want to go home now.

6. 关于how 的用法

1) How作“(指程度)多少”“(方法)怎样”“多么”讲，为副词。

2) how 的感叹句的构成：How + 形容词+主语+be动词!

How+副词+主语+谓语动词!

3)how many 多少(对可数名词的数量提问，其后接名词复数)

How many days are there in a year?

4) how much 多少(钱)(对不可数名词的数量提问，其后接不可数名词)

How much water is there in the cup?

How much are these pants?

5) how often多久(对表示频度副词的时间状语提问)

How often do you go there? Once a month.

6)how old多大岁数(对年龄提问)

How old is your grandfather? He is sixty-five.

7)how soon多久(用于将来时)

How soon are you back? In a week.

◆unit10 Where did you go on vacation?

目标语言：Talk about past events

重点句型：Where did Tina go on vacation? She went to the mountains.

Where did he go on vacation? He stayed at home.

Did you go to Central Park? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

Did he go to Central Park? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.

How was your vacation? It was pretty good.

How was the weather? It was hot and humid.

How were the people? They were unfriendly.

We had great fun playing in the water.

The shops were too crowded, so I didn’t really enjoyed it.

I found a little boy crying in the corner.

重点词组： stay at home, go to New York City, summer camp, go to the mountains, on vacation, Central Park, go to the movies,pretty good, bus trip, have fun doing, go shopping, in the corner, help sb, do sth, make sb. do sth. decide to do sth, discuss sth with sb, write a report on sth , be lost

知识点：

1.英语不规则动词变化( BookI – Book III)

A B C

hear heard heard

learn learnt learnt

have/has had had

leave left left

lend lent lent

lose lost lost

make made made

mean meant meant

send sent sent

spell spelt spelt

shoot shot shot

sit sat sat

smell smelt smelt

spend spent spent

spit spat spat

stand stood stood

understand understood understood

hang hung hung

hold held held

light lit lit

meet met met

find found found

feed fed fed

spit spat spat

bear bore born

win won won

build built built

babysit babysat babysat

flee fled fled

lead led led

mislead misled misled

bend bent bent

bleed bled bled

hold held held

smell smelt smelt

dig dug dug

deal dealt dealt

A B C

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

do/does did done

choose chose chosen

break broke broken

am/is was been

are were been

fly flew flown

forbid forbade forbidden

forget forgot forgotten

freeze froze frozen

get got gotten

go went gone

hide hid hidden

lie lay lain

mistake mistook mistaken

see saw seen

shake shook shaken

speak spoke spoken

steal stole stolen

take took taken

wake woke woken

wear wore worn

A A B

beat beat beaten

A B A

run ran run

come came come

become became become

A A A

A B

can could

may might

will would

shall should

A A

must must

不规则中寻规则：

a) 过去式与动词原形同形

cost cost cost

put put put

fit fit fit

cut cut cut

let let let

hurt hurt hurt

set set set

shut shut shut

read read read

hit hit hit

b)原形以ow/aw结尾，过去式则变成ew

grow grew grown

throw threw thrown

know knew known

draw drew drew

show showed shown

c)将动词原形中的元音字母i改成a,变成过去式。

swim swam swum

sink sank sunk

ring rang rung

give gave given

drink drank drunk

sing sang sung

begin began begun

【特例】win won won

d)过去式以ought或aught结尾

think thought thought

bring brought brought

buy bought bought

fight fought fought

catch caught caught

teach taught taught

【注意】上述动词过去式的末尾是ought还是aught，只要记住“有a则a,无a则o”,即原形中有a的，则变为aught，否则为ought.

e)将动词原形中的字母组合ee去掉一个，词尾加上t，变成过去式。

feel felt felt

sweep swept swept

sleep slept slept

keep kept kept

oversleep overslept overslept

f)将动词原形中的元音字母i改为o,变成过去式。

drive drove driven

ride rode ridden

write wrote written

rise rose risen

shine shone shone

g)以ay结尾的动词，将ay变成aid变成过去式

pay paid paid

say said said

lay laid laid

h)以一个辅音字母+ell结尾的动词，将ell改成old变成过去式

tell told told

Sell sold sold

2.一般过去时的用法

1)表示在过去某个时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, just now, in 1990等。

2)表示过去接连发生的一系列动作。They played soccer and then went home.

3)一般过去时动词的构成方法：

a) 一般情况下，动词原形后直接加-ed。如，play-played

b) 以e结尾的动词，直接加-d。如，decide-decided

c) 重读闭音节+单个辅音字母结尾的动词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed。如，stop-stopped

d) 结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变y为i，再加-ed.如，study-studied

e) 有些动词变化不规则要特殊记忆。上面以给出。

4)一般过去时的句法功能

a) 肯定句：主语+一般过去时动词+其他We had Sichuan food for dinner.

b) 否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他;主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他

I didn’t go to summer camp.

The shops weren’t too crowded.

c) 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他?;Was/Were+主语+其他?

Did they stay at home?

Was the bus trip relaxing?

d) 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般过去式?

Where did you go? Who was ill?

3.find的用法

1) find sb doing sth. 发现某人在做某事

I find him reading an interesting book.

2) find sb. to do sth 发现某人做某事

We found him to be a good student.

3) find sb+adj/prep-phrase/n发现某人怎么样或在某一种情况下

He found me a good student.

I found him at home.

4) find it+adj/n+to do sth发现做某事怎么样

He finds it important to learn English well.

(这里的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式)

5)find onself不知不觉地

He found himself in the forest.

4..同义词辨析

find, find out, look, look for, look at

find:找到。强调找的结果。

find out:找出，查出。指经过一番努力达到目的。

look:找，看。强调动作的过程，是不及物动词。

look for:寻找。强调动作的过程，for后接名词或代词，表示寻找的对象。

look at: 看。强调动作的过程，at后接名词或代词，表示看的对象。

5. 否定前缀

 un-

a) friendly(友好的) unfriendly(不友好的)

b) lucky(幸运的) unlucky(不幸的)

c) fair(公平的) unfair(不公平的)

d) happy(高兴的) unhappy(不悦的)

 in-

a) expensive(贵的) inexpensive(便宜的)

b) formal(正式的) informal(非正式的)

c) exact(确切的) inexact(不确切的)

d) human(人性的) inhuman(野蛮的)

6. 词语辨析

a) walk与on foot “步行“方式

walk与on foot都指“步行”，但用法不同。Walk是动词，walk to后接地点副词here,there,home等时，介词to要省去。而on foot是一个表示方式，方法的介词短语，在句中只能做状语。on foot不能用on feet或by foot替换。walk to相当于go to …on foot，表示“走着去，步行”。

b) cool与cold“冷”

cool意思是“凉快的”，既不冷，有不热，给人一种舒服的感觉。

Col意思是“寒冷的”，给人一种不舒服的感觉。

c) hot与warm“热”

hot作形容词，表示“热的”，反义词是cold。Hot指温度很高，给人一种不舒服的感觉。Hot用作形容词有多种含义，如“辣的”，“热门的”，“最近的”

warm作形容词意思是“温暖的;暖和的”，指温度适中，给人一种舒服的感觉。

7. 形容词的用法

形容词就是表示人或事物的性质，状态或特征等的词。

a) 和连系动词连用：形容词常用在连系动词be,look,get等的后面，构成“主-系-表”结构，形容词作表语，说明主语是什么或怎么样的状态。如He is happy.

b) 修饰名词：形容词常用在名词前面，用于修饰名词。如He is a good student.

c) 常用表示程度的副词very, too, so, quite, rather等词来修饰

8. So的用法小结

a) 作连词

So作连词，意为“因此，所以“。Because是连词，意思是“因为”，常用于回答以why开头的问句。不过，汉语中有“因为。。。所以。。。”连用的情况，但英语中because与连词so绝不能同时出现在同一个句子中，只能用其中的一个。如

This is our first lesson, so I don’t know all your name.

这是我们的第一堂课，所以我不知道你们大家的名字。

在这里，so用作连词，它把两个句子连接起来，表示前一句是原因，后一句是结果。

口诀“because常来回答why，句中有so 它不来。“

b) 作副词

So用作副词，意为“那么“，表示程度，修饰形容词或副词，作状语。So用作副词还可以表示强调，意思为“非常，很”。如

This bag is so heavy.这个包如此的沉。

c)作代词

so用作代词，意思是“这样，那样，这么”

【注意】I think so. 和 I don’t think so.是日常交流用语。在口语中，对方提出一个问题，如果你认为是对的，可回答：I think so. 反之，为I don’t think so.so代替上文提到的内容，以避免重复。

◆ unit 11 What do you think of game shows?

目标语言：give opinions;talk about likes and dislikes

重点句型：What do you think of sitcoms? I love them.

What does she think of sports shows? She doesn’t mind them.

How about..?=What about..?

Thanks for joining us.

I can’t stand it.

重点词组：think of, talk about, soap opera, sports show, situation comedy, game show, how about, weekend talk, a thirteen-year-old boy, hair clip, key ring, enjoy doing, thanks for doing, mind doing, show sb. sth, show sth to sb. , show sb around

知识点：

1. Mind的用法

1) mind作“介意”“反对”讲，为及物动词或不及物动词，常用与疑问句，否定句，条件句中，其后可跟名词，代词，动名词或从句。如

I don’t mind cigarette smoke.我不在乎香烟的味儿。

I’m sure that he won’t mind.我确信他不会介意的。

Would you mind if I went home early?我早点回家你反对吗?

2) mind作“思想”“主题”“想法”讲，为可数名词。如

Speak your mind out.把你的想法说出来。

2.how about和what about同义，用法也相同。About是介词，后面除了名词，代词以外，还可以跟动名词或介词短语。

1)how/what about用来询问或打听情况，意思为“。。。怎么样?”“。。。如何?”如 I am tired. What about you?我很累了，你呢?

2)how/what about用来提出请求，建议或征求意见，意思为“(你认为)。。。怎么样?”“。。。。如何?”如，How about going out for a walk?出去散步怎么样?

3.Show的用法

1) show作“给….看” “出示” “显示”讲,为及物动词.如

Please show your tickets.请把票拿出来.

2)表示 “给某人看什么东西”时,用 “show sth to sb”或 “show sb sth”.如

Please show me the map.= Please show the map to me.请把地图给我看一看.

3) show someone around some place带领某人参观某地如,

I showed him around our school.我领着他参观了我们学校.

4. enjoy的用法

a) enjoy后面接动词时,要使用动名词形式.如enjoy swimming

finish, be busy, mind, go on等词的用法也如此.

b) enjoy oneself=have a good time玩得快乐,玩得高兴

Did you enjoy yourself at the party?你在聚会上玩得愉快吗?

5.词语辨析

1)think, think of, think about想

Think意为 “思考,认为”单独使用时,think表示 “思考”;后接that从句时,think表示 “认为,觉得”

Think of是动词短语,意思为 “想起,想到”某人或某物.还有 “对….有某种看法,认为”的意思.

Think about也是动词词组,意思是 “考虑”.其后面可以跟名词,动名词,代词.

2) agree with与 agree to “同意”

Agree with后面通常接表示人的词语,表示 “赞成,同意”某人

Agree to 后面常接表示物或事的词语,而不接表示人的词语.

3)talk to与talk with 交谈

Talk 通常是用作不及物动词,意思是 “谈话,说话”. 要表示与某人谈话则应在其后加上介词to 与with. Talk还作名词,意思为 “聊天,谈话”,如have a long talk进行长谈, have a talk with和某人谈谈.

◆unit 12 Don’t eat in class.

目标语言: Talk about rules

重点句型: What are the rules? We can’t arrive late for class.

Don’t eat in class.

Can we listen to music? Yes, we can. No, we can’t.

What else do you have to do? We have to clean the classroom.

Do you have to wear a uniform at school? Yes, we do. No, we don’t.

You don’t have to wear a uniform

You have to wear sneakers for gym class.

重点词组：arrive late for class, eat in the cafeteria, wear a uniform, have to, too many rules, meet friends, after school, learn the piano, in class, no talking

知识点：

1.祈使句的用法

a)相关口令

祈使句无主语,主语you常省去;

动词原形谓语当,句首加don’t否定变;

朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。

b)表现形式

●肯定结构:

1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:

Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。

有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way,

please. 请这边走。

2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:

Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!

3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:

Let me help you. 让我来帮你。

●否定结构:

1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t构成。如:

Don’t forget me! 不要忘记我!

Don’t be late for school! 上学不要迟到!

2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don’t + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语

+ not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:

Don’t let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。

c) 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!

2.情态动词have to的用法

have to侧重于客观上的必要，作 “必须” “不得不做某事”讲。和其他情态动词的区别在于她具有人称的变化。

1) 肯定句：sb +have/has to+动词原形。主语为第三人称单数时用 has to，其他人称用have to.如，He has to work on Sunday.他不得不在周日工作。

2)否定句：sb +don’t/doesn’t have to+动词原形。主语为第三人称单数时用doesn’t have to，其他人称用don’t have to.He doesn’t have to leave now.

3)Does/Do+sb+have to+动词原形?Yes,…do/does. No, …don’t/doesn’t.

主语为第三人称单数时用does提问,其他人称用do提问.

3.问句中的some

我们都知道,some通常用在肯定句中,而any则用在疑问句和否定句中;但是,some有时也可以用在疑问句中。后者主要有以下几种情况:

★在表示请求的疑问句中。例如:

Could we have some bottles of orange juice, please?

我们来几瓶橘汁,好吗?

May I ask you some questions?

我可以问你几个问题吗?

★在表示建议的疑问句中。例如:

Would you like some bags of milk?

你想要几袋牛奶吗?

Shall we have some rice for supper?

晚饭我们吃米饭,好吗?

★在表示说话人盼望得到肯定答复的疑问句中。例如:

Can you see some birds in the tree?

你能看见树上有些鸟吗?

★用在表示反问的疑问句中。例如:

Can’t you see some apples on the tree?

难道你看不到树上有些苹果吗?

[第一类] 名词类

1. 这些女老师们在干什么?

[正] What are the women teachers doing?

[析] 在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men, women。

2. 房间里有多少人

[正] How many people are there in the room?

[析] people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。

3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。

[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词 +表量的可数名词 + of + 不可数名词”这一结构, 其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。

4. 这是那对双胞胎的房间。

[正] This is the twins’ room.

[析] 以字母以 s结尾的普通名词的所有格只在其后直接加“ ‘”构成即可。

5. 在小轿车里的那位女士是彼得和汤姆的妈妈。

[正] The lady in the car is Peter and Tom’s mother.

[析] 表示几人共同拥有某人或某物时,只在最后一个人名后加“’s”;若是几人分别拥有某人或某物时,则在每个人名后分别加“’s”。

[第二类] 动词类

6. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?

[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?

[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?

[析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。

7. 琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。

[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.

[析] 在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态??一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am / is / are) + ving形式构成。

8. 这双鞋是红色的。

[正] This pair of shoes is red.

[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。

[第三类] 代词类

9. 这张票是她的,不是我的。

[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.

[析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分:形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。

10. 吴老师教我们英语。

[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.

[析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。

第四类(介词类)

11. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?